Araştırma Makalesi
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Yirmi Üç Bin Covid-19 Olgusunun Retrospektif İncelemesi: Cinsiyet ve Yaşta Güçlü İlişki

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1 - 9, 30.04.2025

Serap Batı , İbrahim Çetin

https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.1280366

Öz

Amaç: COVİD-19 hastalığına bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan entübasyon ihtiyacı, yoğun bakıma yatış ve ölüm oranlarının yaş ve cinsiyet faktörleri ile ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırmada, gerekli izinler alındıktan sonra XXX ilinde hizmet veren bir hastanede PCR testi yaptırmış, hastanede yatan ya da tedavisi ayaktan planlanıp hastane dışı takip edilen 23.239 olgunun retrospektif incelemesi yapılmıştır. Veriler, elektronik ortamda toplanmış olup, tanımlayıcı ve çıkarımsal analizler için SPSS 22.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Olguların %50,8’i kadın, %49,2’si erkek ve genel yaş ortalaması 44,05±16,47 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyet ile yoğun bakım hizmeti alma, entübasyon gereksinimi ve ölüm oranları arasında güçlü ilişki bulunmuştur. Erkeklerin yoğun bakım hizmeti alma, entübasyon ve ölüm oranları kadınlara göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksektir (p<0,01). Yaş da, cinsiyete benzer olarak prognoz göstergeleri ile güçlü ilişki göstermektedir. Yoğun bakıma ihtiyaç duyan hastaların yaş ortalamaları (69,72 ±13,41) bu bakıma ihtiyaç duymayanlara göre (43,03 ±15,74) oldukça yüksektir. Ölen vakaların yaş ortalaması (72,67±12,36) hayatta olanların yaş ortalamasından (43,37±15,94) oldukça yüksektir (p=0,000). Sonuç: Bu araştırma, ileri yaş ve erkek cinsiyetinin COVİD-19 hastalığının prognozuna ait bazı göstergelerle güçlü ilişkili risk faktörleri olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVİD-19 Koronavirüs Türkiye.

Kaynakça

  • Abate, B. B., Kassie, A. M., Kassaw, M. W., Aragie, T. G., &Masresha, S. A. (2020). Sex difference in coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open, 10(10), e040129. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040129
  • Adams, Z. W., Kaiser, A. J., Lynam, D. R., Charnigo, R. J., &Milich, R. (2012). Drinking motives as mediators of the impulsivity-substance use relation: pathways for negative urgency, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking. Addictive behaviors, 37(7), 848–855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.03.016
  • Asem, N., Ramadan, A., Hassany, M., Ghazy, R. M., Abdallah, M., Ibrahim, M., Gamal, E. M., Hassan, S., Kamal, N., & Zaid, H. (2021). Pattern and determinants of COVID-19 infection and mortality across countries: An ecological study. Heliyon, 7(7), e07504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07504
  • Bergman, J., Ballin, M., Nordström, A., &Nordström, P. (2021). Risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization, and subsequent all-cause mortality in Sweden: a nationwide study. European journal of epidemiology, 36(3), 287–298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-021-00732-w
  • Besch, G., Favier, L., Fiani, M., Ouattara, A., Joannes-Boyau, O., Fischer, M. O., … AZUREA group (2021). French multicentre observational study on SARS-CoV-2 infections intensive care initial management: the FRENCH CORONA study. Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine, 40(4), 100931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accpm.2021.100931
  • Cai H. (2020). Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19. The Lancet. Respiratory medicine, 8(4), e20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30117-X
  • Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet (London, England), 395(10223), 507–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
  • Chen, T., Wu, D., Chen, H., Yan, W., Yang, D., Chen, G. et al. (2020). Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Retrospective study, BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 368, m1295. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1295
  • Conway, B. J., Kim, J. W., Brousseau, D. C., & Conroy, M. (2021). Heart Disease, Advanced Age, Minority Race, and Hispanic Ethnicity Are Associated With Mortality in COVID-19 Patients. WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin, 120(2), 152–155.
  • García-Alvarado, F. J., Muñoz-Hernández, M. A., Moran Guel, E., González-Martínez, M. D. R., Macías Corral, M. A., & Delgado-Aguirre, H. A. (2021). Risk Factors and Clinical Phenotypes Associated with Severity in Patients with COVID-19 in Northeast Mexico. Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 21(9), 720–726. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2021.0016
  • https://COVİD19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39230/0/COVİD-19-weekly-situation-report43pdf.pdf?_tag1=D3D202441F1F5165A33D16981E6544EF7FC0A32F https://globalhealth5050.org/COVİD19/, accessed on May 13, 2020
  • Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., Xiao, Y., … Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet (London, England), 395(10223), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • Karcıoğlu, Ö. (2020). COVID-19: Its epidemiology and course in the world. Journal of ADEM, 1(1): S55-S71. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jadem/issue/53871/722886#article_cite
  • Katikireddi, S. V., Hainey, K. J., & Beale, S. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on different population subgroups: ethnic, gender and age-related disadvantage. The journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 51(S1), S40–S46. https://doi.org/10.4997/JRCPE.2021.240
  • Klein, S. L., & Flanagan, K. L. (2016). Sex differences in immune responses. Nature reviews. Immunology, 16(10), 626–638. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2016.90
  • Kline, K., & Bowdish, D. (2016). Infection in an aging population.. Current opinion in microbiology, 29, 63-7 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2015.11.003.
  • Nasiri, M., Haddadi, S., Tahvildari, A., Farsi, Y., Arbabi, M., Hasanzadeh, S., Jamshidi, P., Murthi, M., & Mirsaeidi, M. (2020). COVID-19 Clinical Characteristics, and Sex-Specific Risk of Mortality: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00459.
  • NIPH, https://www.fhi.no/en/id/infectious-diseases/coronavirus/daily-reports/daily-reports-COVİD19/#intensive-care-admissions ErişimTarihi: 02.07.2021
  • Peckham, H., De Gruijter, N., Raine, C., Radziszewska, A., Ciurtin, C., Wedderburn, L., Rosser, E., Webb, K., & Deakin, C. (2020). Male sex identified by global COVID-19 meta-analysis as a risk factor for death and ITU admission. Nature Communications, 11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19741-6.
  • Penna, C., Mercurio, V., Tocchetti, C. G., &Pagliaro, P. (2020). Sex-related differences in COVID-19 lethality. British journal of pharmacology, 177(19), 4375–4385. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15207
  • Roger, C., Collange, O., Mezzarobba, M., Abou-Arab, O., Teule, L., Garnier, M., Hoffmann, C., Muller, L., Lefrant, J. Y., Guinot, P. G., Novy, E., Abraham, P., Clavier, T., Bourenne, J.,
  • Shim, E., Tariq, A., Choi, W., Lee, Y., &Chowell, G. (2020). Transmission potential and severity of COVID-19 in South Korea. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 93, 339–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.031.
  • Sorci, G., & Faivre, B. (2022). Age-dependent virulence of human pathogens. PLoS Pathogens, 18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010866.
  • Starke, R., Petereit-Haack, G., Schubert, M., Kämpf, D., Schliebner, A., Hegewald, J., & Seidler, A. (2020). The Age-Related Risk of Severe Outcomes Due to COVID-19 Infection: A Rapid Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165974.
  • Wang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., Zhu, F., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Wang, B., Xiang, H., Cheng, Z., Xiong, Y., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Wang, X., & Peng, Z. (2020). Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA, 323(11), 1061–1069. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  • Wei-jie Guan, Ph.D., Zheng-yi Ni, M.D., Yu Hu, M.D., Wen-hua Liang, Ph.D., Chun-quanOu, Ph.D., Jian-xing He, M.D., Lei Liu, M.D., Hong Shan, M.D., Chun-liang Lei, M.D., David S.C. Hui, M.D., Bin Du, M.D., Lan-juan Li, M.D., et al., for the China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19 (2020). Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine. 382: S1708–S1720. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
  • Wong, D. R., Willett, W. C., &Rimm, E. B. (2007). Smoking, hypertension, alcohol consumption, and risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm in men. American journal of epidemiology, 165(7), 838–845. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwk063
  • Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., Guan, L., Wei, Y., Li, H., Wu, X., Xu, J., Tu, S., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet (London, England), 395(10229), 1054–1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
  • Zhou, P., Yang, X. L., Wang, X. G., Hu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Si, H. R., Zhu, Y., Li, B., Huang, C. L., Chen, H. D., Chen, J., Luo, Y., Guo, H., Jiang, R. D., Liu, M. Q., Chen, Y., Shen, X. R., Wang, X., Zheng, X. S., … Shi, Z. L. (2020). Addendum: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature, 588(7836), E6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2951-z

Retrospective Analysis of Twenty-Three Thousand Covid-19 Case: A Strong Association with Gender and Age

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1 - 9, 30.04.2025

Serap Batı , İbrahim Çetin

https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.1280366

Öz

Aim: This study aims to examine the association of COVID-19 disease-related need for intubation, hospitalization in the intensive care unit, and mortality rates with age and gender. Methods: After obtaining the necessary permissions, this retrospective descriptive study evaluated a total of 23,239 patients who had PCR tests in a hospital serving in XXX province and received inpatient or outpatient treatment. The SPSS 22.0 package program was used for descriptive and inferential analyses of the electronically collected data. Results: 50.8% of the cases were female, 49.2% were male, and the mean age was 44.05±16.47 years. A strong correlation was found between gender and receiving intensive care services, the need for intubation, and mortality rates. Intensive care, intubation, and mortality rates of men were significantly higher than women (p<0.01). Similar to gender, age also showed a strong correlation with prognostic indicators. The mean age of patients who needed intensive care (69.72 ±13.41) was considerably higher than of those who did not (43.03 ± 15.74). The mean age of the patients who died (72.67±12.36) was considerably higher than of the survivors (43.37±15.94) (p=0.000). Conclusion: This study shows that advanced age and male gender are risk factors strongly associated with various prognostic indicators of the COVID-19 disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVİD-19 Coronavirus Turkey.

Kaynakça

  • Abate, B. B., Kassie, A. M., Kassaw, M. W., Aragie, T. G., &Masresha, S. A. (2020). Sex difference in coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open, 10(10), e040129. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040129
  • Adams, Z. W., Kaiser, A. J., Lynam, D. R., Charnigo, R. J., &Milich, R. (2012). Drinking motives as mediators of the impulsivity-substance use relation: pathways for negative urgency, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking. Addictive behaviors, 37(7), 848–855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.03.016
  • Asem, N., Ramadan, A., Hassany, M., Ghazy, R. M., Abdallah, M., Ibrahim, M., Gamal, E. M., Hassan, S., Kamal, N., & Zaid, H. (2021). Pattern and determinants of COVID-19 infection and mortality across countries: An ecological study. Heliyon, 7(7), e07504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07504
  • Bergman, J., Ballin, M., Nordström, A., &Nordström, P. (2021). Risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization, and subsequent all-cause mortality in Sweden: a nationwide study. European journal of epidemiology, 36(3), 287–298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-021-00732-w
  • Besch, G., Favier, L., Fiani, M., Ouattara, A., Joannes-Boyau, O., Fischer, M. O., … AZUREA group (2021). French multicentre observational study on SARS-CoV-2 infections intensive care initial management: the FRENCH CORONA study. Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine, 40(4), 100931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accpm.2021.100931
  • Cai H. (2020). Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19. The Lancet. Respiratory medicine, 8(4), e20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30117-X
  • Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet (London, England), 395(10223), 507–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
  • Chen, T., Wu, D., Chen, H., Yan, W., Yang, D., Chen, G. et al. (2020). Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Retrospective study, BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 368, m1295. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1295
  • Conway, B. J., Kim, J. W., Brousseau, D. C., & Conroy, M. (2021). Heart Disease, Advanced Age, Minority Race, and Hispanic Ethnicity Are Associated With Mortality in COVID-19 Patients. WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin, 120(2), 152–155.
  • García-Alvarado, F. J., Muñoz-Hernández, M. A., Moran Guel, E., González-Martínez, M. D. R., Macías Corral, M. A., & Delgado-Aguirre, H. A. (2021). Risk Factors and Clinical Phenotypes Associated with Severity in Patients with COVID-19 in Northeast Mexico. Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 21(9), 720–726. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2021.0016
  • https://COVİD19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39230/0/COVİD-19-weekly-situation-report43pdf.pdf?_tag1=D3D202441F1F5165A33D16981E6544EF7FC0A32F https://globalhealth5050.org/COVİD19/, accessed on May 13, 2020
  • Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., Xiao, Y., … Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet (London, England), 395(10223), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • Karcıoğlu, Ö. (2020). COVID-19: Its epidemiology and course in the world. Journal of ADEM, 1(1): S55-S71. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jadem/issue/53871/722886#article_cite
  • Katikireddi, S. V., Hainey, K. J., & Beale, S. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on different population subgroups: ethnic, gender and age-related disadvantage. The journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 51(S1), S40–S46. https://doi.org/10.4997/JRCPE.2021.240
  • Klein, S. L., & Flanagan, K. L. (2016). Sex differences in immune responses. Nature reviews. Immunology, 16(10), 626–638. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2016.90
  • Kline, K., & Bowdish, D. (2016). Infection in an aging population.. Current opinion in microbiology, 29, 63-7 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2015.11.003.
  • Nasiri, M., Haddadi, S., Tahvildari, A., Farsi, Y., Arbabi, M., Hasanzadeh, S., Jamshidi, P., Murthi, M., & Mirsaeidi, M. (2020). COVID-19 Clinical Characteristics, and Sex-Specific Risk of Mortality: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00459.
  • NIPH, https://www.fhi.no/en/id/infectious-diseases/coronavirus/daily-reports/daily-reports-COVİD19/#intensive-care-admissions ErişimTarihi: 02.07.2021
  • Peckham, H., De Gruijter, N., Raine, C., Radziszewska, A., Ciurtin, C., Wedderburn, L., Rosser, E., Webb, K., & Deakin, C. (2020). Male sex identified by global COVID-19 meta-analysis as a risk factor for death and ITU admission. Nature Communications, 11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19741-6.
  • Penna, C., Mercurio, V., Tocchetti, C. G., &Pagliaro, P. (2020). Sex-related differences in COVID-19 lethality. British journal of pharmacology, 177(19), 4375–4385. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15207
  • Roger, C., Collange, O., Mezzarobba, M., Abou-Arab, O., Teule, L., Garnier, M., Hoffmann, C., Muller, L., Lefrant, J. Y., Guinot, P. G., Novy, E., Abraham, P., Clavier, T., Bourenne, J.,
  • Shim, E., Tariq, A., Choi, W., Lee, Y., &Chowell, G. (2020). Transmission potential and severity of COVID-19 in South Korea. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 93, 339–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.031.
  • Sorci, G., & Faivre, B. (2022). Age-dependent virulence of human pathogens. PLoS Pathogens, 18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010866.
  • Starke, R., Petereit-Haack, G., Schubert, M., Kämpf, D., Schliebner, A., Hegewald, J., & Seidler, A. (2020). The Age-Related Risk of Severe Outcomes Due to COVID-19 Infection: A Rapid Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165974.
  • Wang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., Zhu, F., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Wang, B., Xiang, H., Cheng, Z., Xiong, Y., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Wang, X., & Peng, Z. (2020). Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA, 323(11), 1061–1069. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  • Wei-jie Guan, Ph.D., Zheng-yi Ni, M.D., Yu Hu, M.D., Wen-hua Liang, Ph.D., Chun-quanOu, Ph.D., Jian-xing He, M.D., Lei Liu, M.D., Hong Shan, M.D., Chun-liang Lei, M.D., David S.C. Hui, M.D., Bin Du, M.D., Lan-juan Li, M.D., et al., for the China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19 (2020). Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine. 382: S1708–S1720. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
  • Wong, D. R., Willett, W. C., &Rimm, E. B. (2007). Smoking, hypertension, alcohol consumption, and risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm in men. American journal of epidemiology, 165(7), 838–845. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwk063
  • Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., Guan, L., Wei, Y., Li, H., Wu, X., Xu, J., Tu, S., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet (London, England), 395(10229), 1054–1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
  • Zhou, P., Yang, X. L., Wang, X. G., Hu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Si, H. R., Zhu, Y., Li, B., Huang, C. L., Chen, H. D., Chen, J., Luo, Y., Guo, H., Jiang, R. D., Liu, M. Q., Chen, Y., Shen, X. R., Wang, X., Zheng, X. S., … Shi, Z. L. (2020). Addendum: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature, 588(7836), E6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2951-z
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Halk Sağlığı, Çevre Sağlığı
Bölüm Orjinal Makaleler
Yazarlar

Serap Batı 0000-0003-3176-6837

İbrahim Çetin 0000-0002-2340-6201

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Nisan 2023
Kabul Tarihi 28 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Batı, S., & Çetin, İ. (2025). Retrospective Analysis of Twenty-Three Thousand Covid-19 Case: A Strong Association with Gender and Age. Health Academy Kastamonu, 10(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.1280366
 Kapak Resmi İndir

Sağlık Akademisi Kastamonu, 2017 yılından itibaren UAK doçentlik kriterlerine göre 1-b dergiler (SCI, SSCI, SCI-expanded, ESCI dışındaki uluslararası indekslerde taranan dergiler) sınıfında yer almaktadır. SAĞLIK AKADEMİSİ KASTAMONU Dergi kapağı Türk Patent Enstitüsü tarafından tescil edilmiştir.