Öz
Dijitalleşme hareketleriyle birlikte, farklı iş gücü piyasalarına ve iş modellerine alan açılırken, geleneksel tam zamanlı işlerin yanı sıra kısa vadeli sözleşmelerin ve serbest çalışmanın yaygın olduğu gig ekonomi hızla büyümektedir. Yaratıcı kültür endüstrilerinde faaliyet gösteren bireyler, dijital platformlar aracılığıyla serbest çalışma modellerini benimseyerek mesleklerini sürdürme ve dijital kimlikleriyle bu platformlarda aktif biçimde varlık gösterme ve ekonomik akış rahatlıkla dâhil olabilme fırsatı bulmaktadır. Bu makale, dijitalleşen ekonomi içerisinde çalışan tasarımcıların; rollerini, iş döngülerini ve dijital platformların bu döngüler üzerinde yarattığı değişiklikleri incelemiştir. Dijital etnografi araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak on üç tasarımcıya çevrimiçi ortamda beş araştırma sorusu sorulmuş ve elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Bu analiz sonucunda, dijitalleşme hareketleriyle birlikte tasarımcıların yeni konumları, üretim dinamikleri ve dijital varlık oluşturma süreçleri ortaya konmuştur. Tasarımcıların geleneksel istihdam modellerinden daha esnek, dijital odaklı rollere geçiş yapmasındaki etkenler tartışılmıştır. Dijitalleşme ile dönüşen iş dünyasında tasarımcıların karşılaştıkları fırsatlar ve zorluklar hakkında kapsamlı bir anlayış geliştirilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Portfolyo Yaratıcı Kültür Endüstrileri Serbest Çalışma Dijitalleşme Platform Ekonomi.
Kaynakça
- Ardévol, Elisenda ve Gómez-Cruz, Edgar. (2014). Digital Ethnography and Media Practices. Angharad N. Valdivia, DarlingWolf, Fabienne (Ed.). The International Encyclopedia of Media Studies: Research Methods in Media Studies 7, s. 1-21. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Boden, Margaret A. (2004). The Creative Mind: Myths and Mechanisms. London: Routledge.
- Datta, N., Rong, C., Singh, S. ve diğerleri. (2023). Working Without Borders: The Promise and Peril of Online Gig Work. Washington, DC: World Bank.
- Dempster, Anna M. (2014). Perspectives on Risk and Uncertainty. Anna M. Dempster (Ed.). Risk and Uncertainty in the Art World, s. 25-46. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Fillis, Ian. (2010). The Art of the Entrepreneurial Marketer. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), s. 87-107.
- Fisher, Jennifer. (2016). Curators and Instagram: Affect, Relationality and Keeping in Touch. Journal of Curatorial Studies , 5(1), s. 101-123.
- Florida, Richard. (2012). The Rise of the Creative Class. New York: Basic Books.
- Klamer, Arjo. (2014). Without Uncertainty, There is No Art Market. Anna M. Dempster (Ed.). Risk and Uncertainty in the Art World, s. 275-286. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Kubacki, K., O’Reilly, D. (2009). Arts Marketing. Elizabeth Parsons, Pauline Maclaran (Ed.). Contemporary Issues in Marketing and Consumer Behaviour, s. 55-71. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
- Leitner, M., Subaşı, Ö. (2016). Arty Portfolios: Manifesting Artistic Work in Interaction Design Research, s. 1-10. Proceedings of the 9th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction - NordiCHI ’16.
- Lepanjuuri, K., Wishart, R., Cornick, P. (2018). The Characteristics of Those in the Gig Economy Final Report. Department for Business., Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS).
- Lingo, Elizabeth. L. ve Tepper, Steven J. (2013). Looking Back, Looking Forward: Arts-Based Careers and Creative Work. Work and Occupations, 40(4), s. 337-363.
- Carmona, Medardo Amyr Sarmiento ve Angel Torres-Toukoumidis (2021). Analysis of Digital Marketing Strategies for Artists During the Pandemic. Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 25(3), s.1-12
- Menger, Pierre-Michel. (1999). Artistic Labor Markets and Careers. Annual Review of Sociology, 25, s. 541-574.
- Novakovic, Jelena. (2021). Instagram and Artistic Platforms as Revenue Streams for Artists in Serbia. INSAM Journal of Contemporary Music Art and Technology, (6), s. 103-113.
- Olesiewicz, Konrad. (2011). Artistic Entrepreneurship and the Need for Market Orientation in the Context of Rising Significance of the Creative Industries. SSRN.
- Payoneer. (2022). Freelancer Income Report. Erişim: 06.12.2024. https://pubs.payoneer.com/docs/freelancer-income-report-2022-en.pdf
- Petrides, Loizos ve Fernandes, Alexandra. (2020). The Successful Visual Artist: The Building Blocks of Artistic Careers Model. The Journal of Arts Management, Law, and Society, 50(6), s. 305-318.
- Statista. (2024). Cost of Revenue of Upwork Worldwide. Erişim: 06.12.2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/941860/upwork-cost-of-revenue-worldwide/
- Stojanov, Michal. (2016). ATL, BTL and TTL Marketing Support of the Sales. Izvestia Journal of the Union of Scientists - Varna. Economic Sciences Series, 1, s. 140-145.
- Win, Thet Shein. (2014). Marketing the Entrepreneurial Artist in the Innovation Age: Aesthetic Labor, Artistic Subjectivity, and the Creative Industries. Anthropology of Work Review, 35(1), s. 2-13.
Öz
Digitalization has helped open up different labor markets and business models and has contributed to the rapid growth of the gig economy, where short-term contracts and freelance work are common in addition to traditional full-time jobs. Employees working in creative industries have the opportunity to continue their professions by adopting freelance work models through digital platforms. This article examines the roles, business cycles, and changes that digital platforms create on these cycles of designers in the economics of digital transformation. Using the digital ethnography research method, five research questions were asked of thirteen designers in online, and the data were analyzed. As a result of this analysis, the new positions of designers, production dynamics, and digital presence creation processes along with digitalization movements were revealed. The factors caused designers to transition from traditional employ-ment models to more flexible, digitally focused roles were discussed in the business world transformed by digitalization.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Portfolio Creative Culture Industries Freelancing Digitalization Platform Economy.
Kaynakça
- Ardévol, Elisenda ve Gómez-Cruz, Edgar. (2014). Digital Ethnography and Media Practices. Angharad N. Valdivia, DarlingWolf, Fabienne (Ed.). The International Encyclopedia of Media Studies: Research Methods in Media Studies 7, s. 1-21. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Boden, Margaret A. (2004). The Creative Mind: Myths and Mechanisms. London: Routledge.
- Datta, N., Rong, C., Singh, S. ve diğerleri. (2023). Working Without Borders: The Promise and Peril of Online Gig Work. Washington, DC: World Bank.
- Dempster, Anna M. (2014). Perspectives on Risk and Uncertainty. Anna M. Dempster (Ed.). Risk and Uncertainty in the Art World, s. 25-46. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Fillis, Ian. (2010). The Art of the Entrepreneurial Marketer. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), s. 87-107.
- Fisher, Jennifer. (2016). Curators and Instagram: Affect, Relationality and Keeping in Touch. Journal of Curatorial Studies , 5(1), s. 101-123.
- Florida, Richard. (2012). The Rise of the Creative Class. New York: Basic Books.
- Klamer, Arjo. (2014). Without Uncertainty, There is No Art Market. Anna M. Dempster (Ed.). Risk and Uncertainty in the Art World, s. 275-286. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Kubacki, K., O’Reilly, D. (2009). Arts Marketing. Elizabeth Parsons, Pauline Maclaran (Ed.). Contemporary Issues in Marketing and Consumer Behaviour, s. 55-71. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
- Leitner, M., Subaşı, Ö. (2016). Arty Portfolios: Manifesting Artistic Work in Interaction Design Research, s. 1-10. Proceedings of the 9th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction - NordiCHI ’16.
- Lepanjuuri, K., Wishart, R., Cornick, P. (2018). The Characteristics of Those in the Gig Economy Final Report. Department for Business., Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS).
- Lingo, Elizabeth. L. ve Tepper, Steven J. (2013). Looking Back, Looking Forward: Arts-Based Careers and Creative Work. Work and Occupations, 40(4), s. 337-363.
- Carmona, Medardo Amyr Sarmiento ve Angel Torres-Toukoumidis (2021). Analysis of Digital Marketing Strategies for Artists During the Pandemic. Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 25(3), s.1-12
- Menger, Pierre-Michel. (1999). Artistic Labor Markets and Careers. Annual Review of Sociology, 25, s. 541-574.
- Novakovic, Jelena. (2021). Instagram and Artistic Platforms as Revenue Streams for Artists in Serbia. INSAM Journal of Contemporary Music Art and Technology, (6), s. 103-113.
- Olesiewicz, Konrad. (2011). Artistic Entrepreneurship and the Need for Market Orientation in the Context of Rising Significance of the Creative Industries. SSRN.
- Payoneer. (2022). Freelancer Income Report. Erişim: 06.12.2024. https://pubs.payoneer.com/docs/freelancer-income-report-2022-en.pdf
- Petrides, Loizos ve Fernandes, Alexandra. (2020). The Successful Visual Artist: The Building Blocks of Artistic Careers Model. The Journal of Arts Management, Law, and Society, 50(6), s. 305-318.
- Statista. (2024). Cost of Revenue of Upwork Worldwide. Erişim: 06.12.2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/941860/upwork-cost-of-revenue-worldwide/
- Stojanov, Michal. (2016). ATL, BTL and TTL Marketing Support of the Sales. Izvestia Journal of the Union of Scientists - Varna. Economic Sciences Series, 1, s. 140-145.
- Win, Thet Shein. (2014). Marketing the Entrepreneurial Artist in the Innovation Age: Aesthetic Labor, Artistic Subjectivity, and the Creative Industries. Anthropology of Work Review, 35(1), s. 2-13.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Görsel Tasarım, Grafik Tasarımı |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 28 Mayıs 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Mayıs 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 12 Aralık 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 20 Nisan 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Sayı: 52 |
