Öz
Amaç: Aerobik egzersizin kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerindeki etkileri iyi bilinmektedir, ancak aerobik egzersizin kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerindeki akut etkileri tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Bu çalışmada, sağlıklı genç yetişkinlerde 1 seans aerobik egzersizin bilişsel fonksiyonlar üzerindeki akut etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya xxx yılları arasında xxx Fakültesi'nde öğrenim gören 52 sağlıklı genç yetişkin (24 erkek, 28 kadın) dâhil edildi. Katılımcılara Ergoline®-Ergoselect200 bisiklet ergometresi kullanılarak 1 seans aerobik egzersiz yaptırılmıştır. Egzersiz rutini 5 dakikalık ısınma, ardından 20 dakikalık yüklenme ve 5 dakikalık soğuma periyodundan oluşmuştur. Katılımcıların dikkat düzeyleri Stroop Testi’yle, bellek düzeyleri Wechsler Bellek Ölçeği-Genelleştirilmiş Formunun (WBÖ-G) sayı dizisi (SD) alt testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirmeler egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere 2 kez yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 23,34 ± 1,13 yıl olarak tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların stroop testi sürelerinde anlamlı iyileşme görülmüş ancak doğru ve hata sayılarında anlamlı bir fark oluşmamıştır. (Stroop 1, stroop 2, stroop 3, stroop 4 ve stroop 5= sırasıyla p< 0,0001, p<0,008, p< 0,0001, p< 0,0001 ve p< 0,001). Katılımcıların WBÖ-G değerlerinde anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir ( WBÖ-G normal ve WBÖ-G ters p>0,308 ve p: >0,329).
Sonuç: Aerobik egzersizin, tek bir seanstan sonra bile genç yetişkinlerde kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerinde olumlu etkileri olabilir. Koginitif rehabilitasyon alanında çalışan klinisyenler, aerobik aktiviteleri rehabilitasyon programlarına dahil ederek tedavi sonuçlarını arttırabilirler. Aerobik egzersizlerin kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerine akut etkilerini daha net bir şekilde ortaya koymak için geniş örneklem grupları ve farklı aerobik egzersiz türleri (yüzme, koşma vb.) ile daha fazla çalışma yapılması önem arz etmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
yok
Proje Numarası
-
Teşekkür
Yazarlar tüm katılımcılara teşekkür eder.
Kaynakça
- 1. Mezzani A, Hamm LF, Jones AM, McBride PE, Moholdt T, Stone JA, vd. Aerobic exercise intensity assessment and prescription in cardiac rehabilitation: a joint position statement of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation. European journal of preventive cardiology. 2013;20(3):442-467.
- 2. Piercy KL, Troiano RP, Ballard RM, Carlson SA, Fulton JE, Galuska DA, vd. The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. JAMA. 2018;320(19):2020-2028.
- 3. Kramer A. An overview of the beneficial effects of exercise on health and performance. Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 2020;1228:3-22.
- 4. Sharma A, Madaan V, Petty FD. Exercise for mental health. Primary care companion to the Journal of clinical psychiatry. 2006;8(2):106.
- 5. Gilani SRM, Feizabad AK. The effects of aerobic exercise training on mental health and self-esteem of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Health psychology research. 2019;7(1):6576.
- 6. Herbert C, Meixner F, Wiebking C, Gilg V. Regular physical activity, short-term exercise, mental health, and well-being among university students: The results of an online and a laboratory study. Frontiers in psychology. 2020;11:509.
- 7. Hamedinia M, Sharifi M, Hosseini-Kakhak A. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic, anaerobic and resistance training on some factor of endocannabinoid system, serotonin, beta-endorphin and BDNF in young men. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. 2017;14(3):1201.
- 8. Ferrer-Uris B, Ramos MA, Busquets A, Angulo-Barroso R. Can exercise shape your brain? A review of aerobic exercise effects on cognitive function and neuro-physiological underpinning mechanisms. AIMS neuroscience. 2022;9(2):150-174.
- 9. Babaei P, Azari HB. Exercise training improves memory performance in older adults: A narrative review of evidence and possible mechanisms. Frontiers in human neuroscience. 2022;15:771553.
- 10. Konopka LM. How exercise influences the brain: a neuroscience perspective. Croatian medical journal. 2015;56(2):169-171.
- 11. Xu L, Gu H, Cai X, Zhang Y, Hou X, Yu J, vd. The effects of exercise for cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2023;20(2):1088.
- 12. Hacker S, Banzer W, Vogt L, Engeroff T. Acute effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive attention and memory performance: An investigation on duration-based dose-response relations and the impact of increased arousal levels. Journal of clinical medicine. 2020;9(5):1380.
- 13. Sudo M, Costello JT, McMorris T, Ando S. The effects of acute high-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive performance: A structured narrative review. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience. 2022;16:957677.
- 14. Kamijo K, Hayashi Y, Sakai T, Yahiro T, Tanaka K, Nishihira Y. Acute effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in older adults. The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. 2009;64(3):356-363.
- 15. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior research methods. 2009;41(4):1149-1160.
- 16. Scarpina F, Tagini S. The Stroop Color and Word Test. Frontiers in psychology. 2017;8:557.
- 17. Wechsler D. WAIS–III: Administration and scoring. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1997.
- 18. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Third edition. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1997.
- 19. Perdomo SJ, Balzer JR, Jakicic JM, Kline CE, Gibbs BB. Acute effects of aerobic exercise duration on blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and cerebral blood flow velocity in middle-aged adults. Sport Sciences for Health. 2019;15:647-658.
- 20. Shenoy S, Guglani R, Sandhu JS. Effectiveness of an aerobic walking program using heart rate monitor and pedometer on the parameters of diabetes control in Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes. Primary Care Diabetes. 2010;4(1):41-45.
- 21. Balaskanda SS, Egemonye A, Faruqui R. A systematic review of aerobic exercise to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment. BJPsych Open. 2023;9:72.
- 22. Riganello F, Pearce A, Lyons K, Owen AM, Soddu AM, Stojanoski B. Differential effects of prolonged aerobic and resistance exercise on cognitive functioning in sedentary young adults. bioRxiv. 2023;2023-04.
- 23. Silveira CR, Roy EA, Almeida QJ. Acute effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience Letters. 2018;671:60-65.
- 24. Yanagisawa H, Dan I, Tsuzuki D, Kato M, Okamoto M, Kyutoku Y, Soya H. Acute moderate exercise elicits increased dorsolateral prefrontal activation and improves cognitive performance with Stroop test. NeuroImage. 2010;50(4):1702-1710.
- 25. Ogbe SO, Danborno A, Mahan J, Mallo M. The effect of acute aerobic exercise on working memory among female students of Bingham University, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Neuroscience. 2023;14(1):10-16.
- 26. Callow DD, Pena GS, Stark CE, Smith JC. Effects of acute aerobic exercise on mnemonic discrimination performance in older adults. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 2023;29(6):519-528.
- 27. Chaudhary M, Masood S, Anwar M, Alam S, Khan NA, Khan FH, Ahmad QR. Effect of acute aerobic exercise on short-term memory, long-term memory, and working memory in medical students of a tertiary care center in India: Possible role of endocannabinoids. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022;13(6):85-89.
- 28. Loprinzi PD, Roig M, Tomporowski PD, Javadi AH, Kelemen WL. Effects of acute exercise on memory: Considerations of exercise intensity, post-exercise recovery period and aerobic endurance. Memory & Cognition. 2023;51(4):1011-1026.
Öz
Objective: The acute effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in young adults are well-established, yet the acute effects of exercise on cognitive function remain incompletely understood. We aimed to investigate the acute effects of 1-session aerobic exercise on cognitive functions in healthy young adults. This study involved 52 healthy young adults (24 males and 28 females) studying xxx Faculty xxx between xxx.
Material and Method: The exercise routine consisted of a 5-minute warm-up, followed by a 20-minute period of increased intensity, and concluded with a 5-minute cool-down. We employed the Stroop Test to evaluate the participants' attention levels. In addition, the number sequence (SD) subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Generalized Form (WMS-G) was used to assess the participants' memory level pre- and post-exercise.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 23.34±1.13 years. The participant showed significant improvement in stroop test times but not for number of correct and errors (Stroop 1, stroop 2, stroop 3, stroop 4, and stroop 5= p< 0.0001, p< 0.008, p< 0.0001, p< 0.0001, and p< 0.001, respectively). The participant showed no significant improvement in WMS-G values (WMS-G normal and WMS-G reverse= p>0.308 and p >0.329).
Conclusion: Aerobic exercise has been found to potentially have beneficial effects on cognitive abilities in young adults, even after a single session. Clinicians in the field of cognitive rehabilitation may enhance treatment outcomes by incorporating aerobic activities into rehabilitation programmes. Further studies with large sample groups and different types of aerobic exercises (swimming, running, etc.) are important to more clearly demonstrate the acute effects of aerobic exercises on cognitive functions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Proje Numarası
-
Kaynakça
- 1. Mezzani A, Hamm LF, Jones AM, McBride PE, Moholdt T, Stone JA, vd. Aerobic exercise intensity assessment and prescription in cardiac rehabilitation: a joint position statement of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation. European journal of preventive cardiology. 2013;20(3):442-467.
- 2. Piercy KL, Troiano RP, Ballard RM, Carlson SA, Fulton JE, Galuska DA, vd. The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. JAMA. 2018;320(19):2020-2028.
- 3. Kramer A. An overview of the beneficial effects of exercise on health and performance. Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 2020;1228:3-22.
- 4. Sharma A, Madaan V, Petty FD. Exercise for mental health. Primary care companion to the Journal of clinical psychiatry. 2006;8(2):106.
- 5. Gilani SRM, Feizabad AK. The effects of aerobic exercise training on mental health and self-esteem of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Health psychology research. 2019;7(1):6576.
- 6. Herbert C, Meixner F, Wiebking C, Gilg V. Regular physical activity, short-term exercise, mental health, and well-being among university students: The results of an online and a laboratory study. Frontiers in psychology. 2020;11:509.
- 7. Hamedinia M, Sharifi M, Hosseini-Kakhak A. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic, anaerobic and resistance training on some factor of endocannabinoid system, serotonin, beta-endorphin and BDNF in young men. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. 2017;14(3):1201.
- 8. Ferrer-Uris B, Ramos MA, Busquets A, Angulo-Barroso R. Can exercise shape your brain? A review of aerobic exercise effects on cognitive function and neuro-physiological underpinning mechanisms. AIMS neuroscience. 2022;9(2):150-174.
- 9. Babaei P, Azari HB. Exercise training improves memory performance in older adults: A narrative review of evidence and possible mechanisms. Frontiers in human neuroscience. 2022;15:771553.
- 10. Konopka LM. How exercise influences the brain: a neuroscience perspective. Croatian medical journal. 2015;56(2):169-171.
- 11. Xu L, Gu H, Cai X, Zhang Y, Hou X, Yu J, vd. The effects of exercise for cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2023;20(2):1088.
- 12. Hacker S, Banzer W, Vogt L, Engeroff T. Acute effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive attention and memory performance: An investigation on duration-based dose-response relations and the impact of increased arousal levels. Journal of clinical medicine. 2020;9(5):1380.
- 13. Sudo M, Costello JT, McMorris T, Ando S. The effects of acute high-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive performance: A structured narrative review. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience. 2022;16:957677.
- 14. Kamijo K, Hayashi Y, Sakai T, Yahiro T, Tanaka K, Nishihira Y. Acute effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in older adults. The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. 2009;64(3):356-363.
- 15. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior research methods. 2009;41(4):1149-1160.
- 16. Scarpina F, Tagini S. The Stroop Color and Word Test. Frontiers in psychology. 2017;8:557.
- 17. Wechsler D. WAIS–III: Administration and scoring. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1997.
- 18. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Third edition. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1997.
- 19. Perdomo SJ, Balzer JR, Jakicic JM, Kline CE, Gibbs BB. Acute effects of aerobic exercise duration on blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and cerebral blood flow velocity in middle-aged adults. Sport Sciences for Health. 2019;15:647-658.
- 20. Shenoy S, Guglani R, Sandhu JS. Effectiveness of an aerobic walking program using heart rate monitor and pedometer on the parameters of diabetes control in Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes. Primary Care Diabetes. 2010;4(1):41-45.
- 21. Balaskanda SS, Egemonye A, Faruqui R. A systematic review of aerobic exercise to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment. BJPsych Open. 2023;9:72.
- 22. Riganello F, Pearce A, Lyons K, Owen AM, Soddu AM, Stojanoski B. Differential effects of prolonged aerobic and resistance exercise on cognitive functioning in sedentary young adults. bioRxiv. 2023;2023-04.
- 23. Silveira CR, Roy EA, Almeida QJ. Acute effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience Letters. 2018;671:60-65.
- 24. Yanagisawa H, Dan I, Tsuzuki D, Kato M, Okamoto M, Kyutoku Y, Soya H. Acute moderate exercise elicits increased dorsolateral prefrontal activation and improves cognitive performance with Stroop test. NeuroImage. 2010;50(4):1702-1710.
- 25. Ogbe SO, Danborno A, Mahan J, Mallo M. The effect of acute aerobic exercise on working memory among female students of Bingham University, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Neuroscience. 2023;14(1):10-16.
- 26. Callow DD, Pena GS, Stark CE, Smith JC. Effects of acute aerobic exercise on mnemonic discrimination performance in older adults. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 2023;29(6):519-528.
- 27. Chaudhary M, Masood S, Anwar M, Alam S, Khan NA, Khan FH, Ahmad QR. Effect of acute aerobic exercise on short-term memory, long-term memory, and working memory in medical students of a tertiary care center in India: Possible role of endocannabinoids. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022;13(6):85-89.
- 28. Loprinzi PD, Roig M, Tomporowski PD, Javadi AH, Kelemen WL. Effects of acute exercise on memory: Considerations of exercise intensity, post-exercise recovery period and aerobic endurance. Memory & Cognition. 2023;51(4):1011-1026.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Fizyoterapi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | - |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 25 Nisan 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 30 Mayıs 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 1 Ağustos 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1 |
