Öz
This study examines the Renewable Energy Resources Support Mechanism (YEKDEM) implemented in Turkey for solar energy. Within this context, the appropriateness of the incentive amounts provided through the YEKDEM application was analyzed. For this purpose, the current formulation calculated the effects of changing the coefficients of the Exchange Rate, PPI, and CPI values in the mathematical equation, as well as the total incentive amounts for certain years. In the study, it was assumed that the weather was entirely sunny when calculating solar radiation. The effects of the incentive amounts, profit-loss scenarios, and the payback period for plant investors were presented. The formula that offers the highest incentive amount for investors is the one with coefficients of 30%-30%-20%-20%. Annual earnings vary between US$ 15,928 and US$ 146,176. Payback periods range from 5.9 to 54 years, depending on the use of credit and equity.
Anahtar Kelimeler
YEKDEM Solar energy Energy economics Energy policy Solar power plants
Kaynakça
- Coskun C, Oktay Z, Dincer I. Estimation of monthly solar radiation distribution for solar energy system analysis. Energy 2011; 36: 1319–1323.
- Wang RZ, Zhai XQ. Development of solar thermal technologies in China. Energy 2010; 35: 4407–4416.
- Badescu V. Optimum size and structure for solar energy collection systems. Energy 2006; 31: 1819–1835.
- Gürtürk M. Economic feasibility of solar power plants based on PV module with levelized cost analysis. Energy 2019; 171: 866–878.
- Gürtürk M, Ucar F, Erdem M. A novel approach to investigate the effects of global warming and exchange rate on the solar power plants. Energy 2022; 239 (Part D): 122344.
- Gürtürk M, Erdem M, Uçar F. Solar energy technical feasibility comparison: an alternative proposal for the Industry. Energy Effic 2024; 17(5): 1-18.
- Atkins MJ, Walmsley MRW, Morrison AS. Integration of solar thermal for improved energy efficiency in low-temperature-pinch industrial processes. Energy 2010; 35: 1867–1873.
- Erdil E, Ilkan M, Egelioglu F. An experimental study on energy generation with a photovoltaic (PV)-solar thermal hybrid system. Energy 2008; 33: 1241–1245.
- Gou C, Cai R, Hong H. A novel hybrid oxy-fuel power cycle utilizing solar thermal energy. Energy 2007; 32: 1707–1714.
- Reichling JP, Kulacki FA. Utility scale hybrid wind-solar thermal electrical generation: A case study for Minnesota. Energy 2008; 33: 626–638.
- Guo LJ, Zhao L, Jing DW, Lu YJ, Yang HH, Bai BF, et al. Solar hydrogen production and its development in China. Energy 2009; 34: 1073–1090.
- Rehman S, Al-Hadhrami LM. Study of a solar PV-diesel-battery hybrid power system for a remotely located population near Rafha, Saudi Arabia. Energy 2010; 35: 4986–4995.
- Sarkar J, Bhattacharyya S. Application of graphene and graphene-based materials in clean energy-related devices Minghui. Arch Thermodyn 2012; 33: 23–40.
- Kalogirou SA, Bojic M. Artificial neural networks for the prediction of the energy consumption of a passive solar building. Energy 2000; 25: 479–491.
- Tiris C, Tiris M, Dincer I. Energy efficiency of a solar drying system. Int J Energy Res 1996; 20: 767–770.
- Ding L, Kinnucan HW. This document is discoverable and free to researchers across the globe due to the work of AgEcon Search. Help ensure our sustainability . J Gender, Agric Food Secur 2011; 1: 1–22.
- China Institute, Chinas renewable energy & Clean-Tech Market. Univerity of Albetra, Canada: Edmonton, 2016.
- Kılıç U, Kekezoğlu B. A review of solar photovoltaic incentives and Policy: Selected countries and Turkey. Ain Shams Eng J 2022; 13(5): 101669.
- Mir-Artigues P, Cerdá E, Del Río P. Analyzing the impact of cost-containment mechanisms on the profitability of solar PV plants in Spain. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015; 46: 166–177.
- Celik AN, Özgür E. Review of Turkeys photovoltaic energy status: Legal structure, existing installed power and comparative analysis. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2020; 134: 110344.
- Kuznetsova E, Anjos MF. Challenges in energy policies for the economic integration of prosumers in electric energy systems: A critical survey with a focus on Ontario (Canada). Energy Policy 2020; 142: 111429.
- De La Flor FJS, Cebolla RO, Félix JLM, Domínguez SÁ. Solar radiation calculation methodology for building exterior surfaces. Sol Energy 2005; 79: 513–522.
- Rahman Mohamed A, Lee KT. Energy for sustainable development in Malaysia: Energy policy and alternative energy. Energy Policy 2006; 34: 2388–2397.
- Wiginton LK, Nguyen HT, Pearce JM. Quantifying rooftop solar photovoltaic potential for regional renewable energy policy. Comput Environ Urban Syst 2010; 34: 345–357.
- Huber C, Ryan L, Ó Gallachóir B, Resch G, Polaski K, Bazilian M. Economic modelling of price support mechanisms for renewable energy: Case study on Ireland. Energy Policy 2007; 35: 1172–1185.
- Mirza UK, Ahmad N, Harijan K, Majeed T. Identifying and addressing barriers to renewable energy development in Pakistan. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2009; 13: 927–931.
- Gazette of republic of Turkey. Turkish Gov Leg Gaz Repub Turkey, Turkey: 2021.
- Gazette of republic of Turkey. Turkish Gov Leg Gaz Repub Turkey, Turkey: 2023.
- Lüthi S. Effective renewable energy policy: empirical insights from choice experiments with project developer, Germany: Universität St. Gallen, 2011.
- Funkhouser E, Blackburn G, Magee C, Rai V. Business model innovations for deploying distributed generation: The emerging landscape of community solar in the U.S. Energy Res Soc Sci 2015; 10: 90–101.
- Muhammed G, Tekbiyik-Ersoy N. Development of renewable energy in china, usa, and brazil: A comparative study on renewable energy policies. Sustain 2020; 12: 1–30.
- Zhao X, Luo D. Driving force of rising renewable energy in China: Environment, regulation and employment. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2017; 68: 48–56.
- Lo K. A critical review of Chinas rapidly developing renewable energy and energy efficiency policies. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2014; 29: 508–516.
- Fathi M, Abderrezek M, Grana P. Technical and economic assessment of cleaning protocol for photovoltaic power plants: Case of Algerian Sahara sites. Sol Energy 2017; 147: 358–367.
- Erdem M, Gürtürk M. Economic analysis of the impact of Turkeys renewable support mechanism on solar energy investment. Util Policy 2025; 92: 101862.
Öz
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de güneş enerjisi için uygulanan Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynakları Destekleme Mekanizması (YEKDEM) incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, YEKDEM uygulamasıyla sağlanan teşvik miktarlarının uygunluğu analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaçla, mevcut formülasyon ile matematiksel denklemde Döviz Kuru, ÜFE ve TÜFE değerlerinin katsayılarının değiştirilmesinin etkileri ve belirli yıllar için toplam teşvik miktarları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada, güneş radyasyonu hesaplanırken havanın tamamen güneşli olduğu varsayılmıştır. Teşvik miktarlarının etkileri, kar-zarar senaryoları ve santral yatırımcıları için geri ödeme süresi ortaya konulmuştur. Yatırımcılar için en yüksek teşvik miktarını sunan formül, %30-%30-%20-%20 katsayılı olandır. Yıllık kazançlar 15.928 ABD doları ile 146.176 ABD doları arasında değişmektedir. Geri ödeme süreleri, kredi ve öz sermaye kullanımına bağlı olarak 5,9 ila 54 yıl arasında değişmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
YEKDEM Güneş enerjisi Enerji ekonomisi Enerji politikası Güneş enerji santralleri
Kaynakça
- Coskun C, Oktay Z, Dincer I. Estimation of monthly solar radiation distribution for solar energy system analysis. Energy 2011; 36: 1319–1323.
- Wang RZ, Zhai XQ. Development of solar thermal technologies in China. Energy 2010; 35: 4407–4416.
- Badescu V. Optimum size and structure for solar energy collection systems. Energy 2006; 31: 1819–1835.
- Gürtürk M. Economic feasibility of solar power plants based on PV module with levelized cost analysis. Energy 2019; 171: 866–878.
- Gürtürk M, Ucar F, Erdem M. A novel approach to investigate the effects of global warming and exchange rate on the solar power plants. Energy 2022; 239 (Part D): 122344.
- Gürtürk M, Erdem M, Uçar F. Solar energy technical feasibility comparison: an alternative proposal for the Industry. Energy Effic 2024; 17(5): 1-18.
- Atkins MJ, Walmsley MRW, Morrison AS. Integration of solar thermal for improved energy efficiency in low-temperature-pinch industrial processes. Energy 2010; 35: 1867–1873.
- Erdil E, Ilkan M, Egelioglu F. An experimental study on energy generation with a photovoltaic (PV)-solar thermal hybrid system. Energy 2008; 33: 1241–1245.
- Gou C, Cai R, Hong H. A novel hybrid oxy-fuel power cycle utilizing solar thermal energy. Energy 2007; 32: 1707–1714.
- Reichling JP, Kulacki FA. Utility scale hybrid wind-solar thermal electrical generation: A case study for Minnesota. Energy 2008; 33: 626–638.
- Guo LJ, Zhao L, Jing DW, Lu YJ, Yang HH, Bai BF, et al. Solar hydrogen production and its development in China. Energy 2009; 34: 1073–1090.
- Rehman S, Al-Hadhrami LM. Study of a solar PV-diesel-battery hybrid power system for a remotely located population near Rafha, Saudi Arabia. Energy 2010; 35: 4986–4995.
- Sarkar J, Bhattacharyya S. Application of graphene and graphene-based materials in clean energy-related devices Minghui. Arch Thermodyn 2012; 33: 23–40.
- Kalogirou SA, Bojic M. Artificial neural networks for the prediction of the energy consumption of a passive solar building. Energy 2000; 25: 479–491.
- Tiris C, Tiris M, Dincer I. Energy efficiency of a solar drying system. Int J Energy Res 1996; 20: 767–770.
- Ding L, Kinnucan HW. This document is discoverable and free to researchers across the globe due to the work of AgEcon Search. Help ensure our sustainability . J Gender, Agric Food Secur 2011; 1: 1–22.
- China Institute, Chinas renewable energy & Clean-Tech Market. Univerity of Albetra, Canada: Edmonton, 2016.
- Kılıç U, Kekezoğlu B. A review of solar photovoltaic incentives and Policy: Selected countries and Turkey. Ain Shams Eng J 2022; 13(5): 101669.
- Mir-Artigues P, Cerdá E, Del Río P. Analyzing the impact of cost-containment mechanisms on the profitability of solar PV plants in Spain. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015; 46: 166–177.
- Celik AN, Özgür E. Review of Turkeys photovoltaic energy status: Legal structure, existing installed power and comparative analysis. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2020; 134: 110344.
- Kuznetsova E, Anjos MF. Challenges in energy policies for the economic integration of prosumers in electric energy systems: A critical survey with a focus on Ontario (Canada). Energy Policy 2020; 142: 111429.
- De La Flor FJS, Cebolla RO, Félix JLM, Domínguez SÁ. Solar radiation calculation methodology for building exterior surfaces. Sol Energy 2005; 79: 513–522.
- Rahman Mohamed A, Lee KT. Energy for sustainable development in Malaysia: Energy policy and alternative energy. Energy Policy 2006; 34: 2388–2397.
- Wiginton LK, Nguyen HT, Pearce JM. Quantifying rooftop solar photovoltaic potential for regional renewable energy policy. Comput Environ Urban Syst 2010; 34: 345–357.
- Huber C, Ryan L, Ó Gallachóir B, Resch G, Polaski K, Bazilian M. Economic modelling of price support mechanisms for renewable energy: Case study on Ireland. Energy Policy 2007; 35: 1172–1185.
- Mirza UK, Ahmad N, Harijan K, Majeed T. Identifying and addressing barriers to renewable energy development in Pakistan. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2009; 13: 927–931.
- Gazette of republic of Turkey. Turkish Gov Leg Gaz Repub Turkey, Turkey: 2021.
- Gazette of republic of Turkey. Turkish Gov Leg Gaz Repub Turkey, Turkey: 2023.
- Lüthi S. Effective renewable energy policy: empirical insights from choice experiments with project developer, Germany: Universität St. Gallen, 2011.
- Funkhouser E, Blackburn G, Magee C, Rai V. Business model innovations for deploying distributed generation: The emerging landscape of community solar in the U.S. Energy Res Soc Sci 2015; 10: 90–101.
- Muhammed G, Tekbiyik-Ersoy N. Development of renewable energy in china, usa, and brazil: A comparative study on renewable energy policies. Sustain 2020; 12: 1–30.
- Zhao X, Luo D. Driving force of rising renewable energy in China: Environment, regulation and employment. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2017; 68: 48–56.
- Lo K. A critical review of Chinas rapidly developing renewable energy and energy efficiency policies. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2014; 29: 508–516.
- Fathi M, Abderrezek M, Grana P. Technical and economic assessment of cleaning protocol for photovoltaic power plants: Case of Algerian Sahara sites. Sol Energy 2017; 147: 358–367.
- Erdem M, Gürtürk M. Economic analysis of the impact of Turkeys renewable support mechanism on solar energy investment. Util Policy 2025; 92: 101862.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Güneş Enerjisi Sistemleri |
| Bölüm | TJST |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 27 Mart 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 21 Kasım 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 1 Şubat 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1 |
