Sinemada Post-Apokaliptik İmgeler: Len Wiseman’ın Total Recall Filmi Üzerine Yapısal-Göstergebilimsel Bir Anlatı Analizi
Öz
Yapısalcı-göstergebilimsel film çözümlemeleri filmleri yapısal bir bütünlük taşıyan göstergeler sistemi olarak kabul etmektedir. Çeşitli kodlar, göstergeler, yan anlam ve düz anlam, metafor, metonomi gibi kavramların ön plana çıktığı bu çözümleme biçiminde, filmlere onların daha derin katmanında yer alan ideolojisini ve yarattığı mitleri de açığa çıkaracak bir çözümleme perspektifiyle yaklaşılmaktadır. Sinemadaki türlerin getirdiği anlatısal uylaşımlar ve türsel kodlar, özellikle bilimkurgu türünde metinlerarasılığı da gözeterek sistematik bir analiz imkânı sunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Len Wiseman’ın yönettiği Total Recall (2012) filmi, bir yeniden çevrim ve uyarlamadır ve dünyanın felaketle dönüşüm geçirdiği, yenilendiği bir post-apokaliptik metin olarak insanlığın geleceğine yönelik bugüne ilişkin bazı yansıtmalarda bulunmaktadır. Analizde yapısalcı-göstergebilimsel anlatı çözümlemesine nitel betimsel tür analizi entegre edilmiş ve çalışmanın amaçlı örneklem olarak ele aldığı film sinemanın anlatı unsurları başlıkları üzerinden çözümlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak modern hayatın yarattığı iç sıkıntısı, eşler arasında yaşanan aile krizi, gözetim toplumu ve yenilik istenci filmin arka planında tartışılan konulardır ve film ailenin nasıl olması gerektiği, sıkıntıdan kurtulma gibi konularda görece liberal özgürlükçü bir söylem üretmekte, sömüren ve sömürülen ilişkisine daha demokratik ve eşitlikçi bir düzlemde denge getirmeye çalışmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Arnold, K. (2016). The divine madness of Philip K. Dick. Oxford University Press.
- Barsam, R. (2010). Looking at movies: An introduction to film (3rd ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.
- Barthes, R. (1986). Elements of semiology (A. Lavers & C. Smith, Trans.; 11th ed.). Hill and Wang.
- Baudrillard, J. (1994). Simulacra and simulation (S. F. Glaser, Trans.). The University of Michigan Press.
- Berman, M. (1988). All that is solid melts into air. Penguins Books.
- Booker, M. K. (2010). Historical dictionary of science fiction cinema. Scarecrow.
- Bordwell, D., & Thompson, K. (2008). Film art: An introduction (8th ed.). McGraw Hill.
- Bould, M. (2012). Science fiction (1st ed.). Routledge.
- Boz, M. (2022). Sinemada bilimkurgu ve kıyamet [Science fiction and apocalypse in cinema] (1. Baskı). Fihrist Kitapevi.
- Campbell, J. (2004). The hero with a thousand faces (Commemorative edition). Princeton University Press.
- Cevizci, A. (1999). Felsefe sözlüğü [Philosophical dictionary]. (3rd ed.). Paradigma.
- Chandler, D. (2007). Semiotics (2nd ed.). Routledge Taylor and Francis.
- Collins, J. J. (1998). The apocalyptic imagination: An introduction to Jewish apocalyptic literature (2nd ed.). Eerdmans.
- Cornea, C. (2007). Science fiction cinema between fantasy and reality. Edinburg University Press.
- Descartes, R. (1982). Principles of philosophy (V. Miller & R. Miller, Trans.). Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Dick, P. K. (2013). Selected stories of Philip K. Dick. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
- Eco, U. (1976). A theory of semiotics. Indiana University Press.
- Eliade, M. (1981). A history of religious ideas (W. R. Trask, Trans.; Vol. 1). The University of Chicago Press.
- Eliade, M. (1984). A history of religious ideas (W. R. Trask, Trans.; Vol. 2). The University of Chicago Press.
- Eliade, M. (2001). Mitlerin özellikleri [Myth and reality] (S. Rifat, Trans.; 2nd ed.). Om Yayınları.
- Favaro, A., & Akşit, O. (2014). Zihinsel haritaların ve deneyimin dönüşümü: Total Recall. [Transformation of experience and cognitive maps: Total Recall]. Humanities Sciences, 9(2), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2014.9.2.4C0177
- Ferrell, W. K. (2000). Literature and film as modern mythology. Preager Publishers.
- Gernsback, H. (1929). Science wonder stories. Science Wonder Stories, 1(1), 1–2.
- Grant, B. K. (2007). Film genre. Wallflower.
- Greimas, A. J. (1984). Structural semantics. An Attempt at a method (D. McDowell, R. Schleifer, & A. Velie, Trans.). University of Nebraska Press.
- Hebert, L. (2020). Tools for text and image analysis: An introduction to applied semiotics (J. Tabler, Trans.). Routledge Taylor and Francis.
- Jameson, F. (2005). Archaeologies of the future. Verso.
- Lacan, J. (1978). The four fundamental concepts of psycho-analysis (J.-A. Miller, Ed.; A. Sheridan, Trans.). W. W. Norton & Company. (Original work published 1973)
- Langford, B. (2005). Film genre: Hollywood and beyond. Edinburg University Press.
- Leach, E. (1996). Levi-Strauss (4th ed.). FontanaPress.
- Levi-Strauss, C. (1963). Structural antropology (C. Jacobson & B. G. Schoepf, Trans.). Basic Books.
- Levi-Strauss, C. (1966). The savage mind (J. Pitt-Rivers & E. Gellner, Eds.). Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
- Levi-Strauss, C. (1978). Myth and meaning. University of Toronto Press.
- Lewis, J. (2014). Essential cinema: An introduciton to film analysis. Wadsworth.
- Mann, G. (2001). The mammoth encyclopedia of science fiction. Robinson.
- McGinn, B. (1979). Visions of the end: Apocalyptic traditions in the middle ages. Columbia University Press.
- McLuhan, M., & Fiore, Q. (with Agel, J.). (2005). The medium is the message. Ginko Press.
- Metz, C. (1991). Film language (M. Taylor, Trans.). The University of Chicago Press.
- Oskay, Ü. (2014). Çağdaş fantazya: Popüler kültür açısından bilimkurgu ve korku sineması [Contemporary phantasm: Science fiction and horror cinema in popular culture]. İnkilap Yayınevi.
- Peirce, C. S. (1998). The essential Peirce. Selected philosohhical writings (Peirce Edition Project, Ed.; Vol. 2). Indiana University Press.
- Plato. (2004). Republic (C. D. C. Reeve, Trans.). Hackett Publishing Company.
- Propp, V. (2009). Morphology of the folktale (L. Scott, Trans.; 22nd ed.). University of Texas Press.
- Roberts, A. (2006). Science fiction. Routledge.
- Roloff, B., & SeeBlen, G. (1995). Ütopik sinema. Bilimkurgu sinemasının tarihi ve mitolojisi [Utopian cinema History and mythology of science fiction cinema] (V. Atayman, Trans.). Alan Yayıncılık.
- Rosen, E. (2008). Apocalytic transformation. Apocalips and the postmodern imagination. Lexington Books.
- Rosenberg, D. (1994). World mythology (2nd ed.). NTC Publishing Group.
- Saussure, F. D. (2011). Course in general linguistics (P. Meisel & H. Saussy, Eds.; W. Baskin, Trans.). Columbia University Press.
- Schlobin, R. C. (1981). Definitions of science fiction and fantasy. In M. B. Tymn (Ed.), The science fiction reference book (pp. 496–511). Starmont House.
- Seed, D. (2011). Science fiction, a very short introduction. Oxford University Press.
- Sobchack, V. C. (2001). The American science fiction film (4th ed.). Rutgers University.
- Suvin, D. (1979). Metamorphoses of science fiction. Yale University Press.
- Suvin, D. (1988). Positions and presuppositions in science fiction (1st ed.). The Macmillan.
- Telotte, J. P. (2004). Science fiction film. Cambridge University Press.
- Thompson, K., & Bordwell, D. (2003). Film history: An introduction. Mc Graw Hill.
- Umland, S. J. (1995). Introduction. In S. J. Umland (Ed.), Philip K. Dick: Contemporary critical interpretions. (pp. 1–6). Greenwood.
- Verhoeven, P. (Director). (1990). Total Recall [Video recording]. Tri-Star Pictures.
- Wiseman, L. (Director). (2012). Total Recall [Video recording]. Columbia Pictures, Sony Pictures Releasing.
- Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in social sciences] (8th ed.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Post-Apocalyptic Images in Cinema: A Structural-Semiotic Narrative Analysis of Len Wiseman's Total Recall
Öz
Structuralist-semiotic film analysis posits that films can be understood as a system of signs with structural integrity. In this form of analysis, which focuses on concepts such as codes, signs, denotations and connotations, metaphor and metonymy, an approach is taken that will reveal the ideology and myths created in the deeper layers of the films. The narrative conventions and genre codes that are inherent to the cinematic medium provide a foundation for a systematic analysis that considers intertextuality, particularly within the science fiction genre. In this context, the film Total Recall (2012), directed by Len Wiseman, can be considered a remake and adaptation. As a post-apocalyptic text in which the world is transformed and renewed by a catastrophe, it offers insights into the future of humanity in the present era. Qualitative descriptive genre analysis was integrated into structuralist-semiotic narrative analysis to examine the film in question. The film was selected as a purposive sample for the study and was analyzed through the headings of the narrative elements of cinema. Consequently, the film addresses several contemporary issues, including the distress caused by modern life, the crisis in the family unit between spouses, the surveillance society and the desire for novelty. These are discussed in the context of the film, which presents a relatively liberal discourse on matters such as the ideal structure of the family and methods of distress management. Additionally, the film attempts to establish a more balanced relationship between exploiter and exploited, moving towards a more democratic and egalitarian model.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Science Fiction Structuralism Semiotics Intertextuality Genre
Kaynakça
- Arnold, K. (2016). The divine madness of Philip K. Dick. Oxford University Press.
- Barsam, R. (2010). Looking at movies: An introduction to film (3rd ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.
- Barthes, R. (1986). Elements of semiology (A. Lavers & C. Smith, Trans.; 11th ed.). Hill and Wang.
- Baudrillard, J. (1994). Simulacra and simulation (S. F. Glaser, Trans.). The University of Michigan Press.
- Berman, M. (1988). All that is solid melts into air. Penguins Books.
- Booker, M. K. (2010). Historical dictionary of science fiction cinema. Scarecrow.
- Bordwell, D., & Thompson, K. (2008). Film art: An introduction (8th ed.). McGraw Hill.
- Bould, M. (2012). Science fiction (1st ed.). Routledge.
- Boz, M. (2022). Sinemada bilimkurgu ve kıyamet [Science fiction and apocalypse in cinema] (1. Baskı). Fihrist Kitapevi.
- Campbell, J. (2004). The hero with a thousand faces (Commemorative edition). Princeton University Press.
- Cevizci, A. (1999). Felsefe sözlüğü [Philosophical dictionary]. (3rd ed.). Paradigma.
- Chandler, D. (2007). Semiotics (2nd ed.). Routledge Taylor and Francis.
- Collins, J. J. (1998). The apocalyptic imagination: An introduction to Jewish apocalyptic literature (2nd ed.). Eerdmans.
- Cornea, C. (2007). Science fiction cinema between fantasy and reality. Edinburg University Press.
- Descartes, R. (1982). Principles of philosophy (V. Miller & R. Miller, Trans.). Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Dick, P. K. (2013). Selected stories of Philip K. Dick. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
- Eco, U. (1976). A theory of semiotics. Indiana University Press.
- Eliade, M. (1981). A history of religious ideas (W. R. Trask, Trans.; Vol. 1). The University of Chicago Press.
- Eliade, M. (1984). A history of religious ideas (W. R. Trask, Trans.; Vol. 2). The University of Chicago Press.
- Eliade, M. (2001). Mitlerin özellikleri [Myth and reality] (S. Rifat, Trans.; 2nd ed.). Om Yayınları.
- Favaro, A., & Akşit, O. (2014). Zihinsel haritaların ve deneyimin dönüşümü: Total Recall. [Transformation of experience and cognitive maps: Total Recall]. Humanities Sciences, 9(2), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2014.9.2.4C0177
- Ferrell, W. K. (2000). Literature and film as modern mythology. Preager Publishers.
- Gernsback, H. (1929). Science wonder stories. Science Wonder Stories, 1(1), 1–2.
- Grant, B. K. (2007). Film genre. Wallflower.
- Greimas, A. J. (1984). Structural semantics. An Attempt at a method (D. McDowell, R. Schleifer, & A. Velie, Trans.). University of Nebraska Press.
- Hebert, L. (2020). Tools for text and image analysis: An introduction to applied semiotics (J. Tabler, Trans.). Routledge Taylor and Francis.
- Jameson, F. (2005). Archaeologies of the future. Verso.
- Lacan, J. (1978). The four fundamental concepts of psycho-analysis (J.-A. Miller, Ed.; A. Sheridan, Trans.). W. W. Norton & Company. (Original work published 1973)
- Langford, B. (2005). Film genre: Hollywood and beyond. Edinburg University Press.
- Leach, E. (1996). Levi-Strauss (4th ed.). FontanaPress.
- Levi-Strauss, C. (1963). Structural antropology (C. Jacobson & B. G. Schoepf, Trans.). Basic Books.
- Levi-Strauss, C. (1966). The savage mind (J. Pitt-Rivers & E. Gellner, Eds.). Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
- Levi-Strauss, C. (1978). Myth and meaning. University of Toronto Press.
- Lewis, J. (2014). Essential cinema: An introduciton to film analysis. Wadsworth.
- Mann, G. (2001). The mammoth encyclopedia of science fiction. Robinson.
- McGinn, B. (1979). Visions of the end: Apocalyptic traditions in the middle ages. Columbia University Press.
- McLuhan, M., & Fiore, Q. (with Agel, J.). (2005). The medium is the message. Ginko Press.
- Metz, C. (1991). Film language (M. Taylor, Trans.). The University of Chicago Press.
- Oskay, Ü. (2014). Çağdaş fantazya: Popüler kültür açısından bilimkurgu ve korku sineması [Contemporary phantasm: Science fiction and horror cinema in popular culture]. İnkilap Yayınevi.
- Peirce, C. S. (1998). The essential Peirce. Selected philosohhical writings (Peirce Edition Project, Ed.; Vol. 2). Indiana University Press.
- Plato. (2004). Republic (C. D. C. Reeve, Trans.). Hackett Publishing Company.
- Propp, V. (2009). Morphology of the folktale (L. Scott, Trans.; 22nd ed.). University of Texas Press.
- Roberts, A. (2006). Science fiction. Routledge.
- Roloff, B., & SeeBlen, G. (1995). Ütopik sinema. Bilimkurgu sinemasının tarihi ve mitolojisi [Utopian cinema History and mythology of science fiction cinema] (V. Atayman, Trans.). Alan Yayıncılık.
- Rosen, E. (2008). Apocalytic transformation. Apocalips and the postmodern imagination. Lexington Books.
- Rosenberg, D. (1994). World mythology (2nd ed.). NTC Publishing Group.
- Saussure, F. D. (2011). Course in general linguistics (P. Meisel & H. Saussy, Eds.; W. Baskin, Trans.). Columbia University Press.
- Schlobin, R. C. (1981). Definitions of science fiction and fantasy. In M. B. Tymn (Ed.), The science fiction reference book (pp. 496–511). Starmont House.
- Seed, D. (2011). Science fiction, a very short introduction. Oxford University Press.
- Sobchack, V. C. (2001). The American science fiction film (4th ed.). Rutgers University.
- Suvin, D. (1979). Metamorphoses of science fiction. Yale University Press.
- Suvin, D. (1988). Positions and presuppositions in science fiction (1st ed.). The Macmillan.
- Telotte, J. P. (2004). Science fiction film. Cambridge University Press.
- Thompson, K., & Bordwell, D. (2003). Film history: An introduction. Mc Graw Hill.
- Umland, S. J. (1995). Introduction. In S. J. Umland (Ed.), Philip K. Dick: Contemporary critical interpretions. (pp. 1–6). Greenwood.
- Verhoeven, P. (Director). (1990). Total Recall [Video recording]. Tri-Star Pictures.
- Wiseman, L. (Director). (2012). Total Recall [Video recording]. Columbia Pictures, Sony Pictures Releasing.
- Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in social sciences] (8th ed.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Film Eleştirisi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Haziran 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 14 Aralık 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 30 Nisan 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Sayı: 47 |
Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi'nde yayımlanan tüm makaleler Creative Commons Atıf-Gayri Ticari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.