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Effect of different doses of nitrogen on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) in Bhadrapur, Jhapa

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 14 - 26

Khem Raj Ghimire , Ravi Acharya

https://doi.org/10.53663/turjfas.1586553

Öz

The aim of the study was to find out the appropriate dose of nitrogen (N) that gives higher productivity and recommend it, as the farmers in Bhadrapur municipality are not aware of the nitrogen dosage due to which they either over-dose or under-dose the maize. A field trial was conducted in a farmer’s field to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen on the growth and yield of maize in Bhadrapur, Jhapa, Nepal. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with 7 different treatments which were replicated thrice. The following treatments were used: T1 (Control), T2 (NPK 60:60:60 kg ha-1), T3 (NPK 90:60:60 kg ha-1), T4 (NPK 120:60:60 kg ha-1), T5 (NPK 150:60:60 kg ha-1), T6 (NPK 180:60:60 kg ha-1) and T7 (NPK 210:60:60 kg ha-1). T6 had the tallest (214.45 cm) and the girthiest (2.65 cm) plants which also had a greater number of leaves (13.35) at 60 DAS as compared to others. Similarly, T7 had the longest (22.24 cm) and girthiest (4.98 cm) cobs. T3 had the highest number of lines per cob (16.99). In the case of number of grains per line, T7 had the highest number of grains (37.59). Similarly, in context of thousand kernel weight, grain yield and biological yield, T6 (328.57 gm), T7 (12.22 mt ha-1), and T6 (40.17 mt ha-1) were superior, respectively. T3 had the highest HI (0.32). The Benefit Cost Ratio was seen the highest in T7 with a ratio of 1.5. NPK 180:60:60 kg ha-1 can be recommended for foliage production and NPK 210:60:60 kg ha-1 can be recommended for grain production as the Benefit Cost Ratio in these fertilizer combinations is comparatively superior.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Benefit Cost Ratio Fertilizer NPK Urea

Etik Beyan

Not applicable

Destekleyen Kurum

No financial support was received.

Teşekkür

We are grateful to all the staffs of the Agriculture Knowledge Centre, Jhapa, Nepal and especially to Mr. Sagar Bista (9th Level Agriculture Officer at AKC) and Mr. Nabin Bhattarai (Campus Director, GPCAR, PU)) for providing guidance and support during this research.

Kaynakça

  • Adhikari, K., Bhandari, S., Aryal, K., Mahato, M., & Shrestha, J. (2021). Effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) varieties. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 4(2), 48–62. https://doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i2.33656
  • Adiaha, M. S. (2017). The impact of Maize (Zea mays L.) and it uses for human development: A review. International Journal of Scientific World, 5(1), 93. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijsw.v5i1.7585
  • Ağirağaç, Z., & Zorer Çelebi, Ş. (2024). Combined applications and Multi-Faceted evaluations of humic acid, seaweed, and vermicompost with chemical and organo-mineral fertilizers on corn, part I: chlorophyll concentration. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2024.2405030
  • Ahmad, S., Khan, A. A., Kamran, M., Ahmad, I., Ali, S., & Fahad, S. (2018). Response of maize cultivars to various nitrogen levels. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 8(01), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.21767/2248-9215.100043
  • Ali Akbar, M. (2016). Planting arrangement, population density and fertilizer application rate for white maize (Zea mays l.) production in Bandarban Valley. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 5(6), 215. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.12
  • Anwar, S. (2017). Effect of nitrogen rates and application times on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). Pure and Applied Biology, 6(3), 908–916. https://doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2017.60096
  • Dawadi, D., & Sah, S. (2012). Growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) in relation to planting density and nitrogen levels during winter season in Nepal. Tropical Agricultural Research, 23(3), 218. https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v23i3.4659
  • Derby, N. E., Casey, F. X. M., Knighton, R. E., & Steele, D. D. (2004). Midseason nitrogen fertility management for corn based on weather and yield prediction. Agronomy Journal, 96(2), 494–501. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.4940
  • Devkota, K. P., McDonald, A. J., Khadka, A., Khadka, L., Paudel, G., & Devkota, M. (2015). Decomposing maize yield gaps differentiates entry points for intensification in the rainfed mid-hills of Nepal. Field Crops Research, 179, 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.04.013
  • Erenstein, O., Jaleta, M., Sonder, K., Mottaleb, K., & Prasanna, B. M. (2022). Global maize production, consumption and trade: trends and R&D implications. Food Security, 14(5), 1295–1319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-022-01288-7
  • Gagnon, B., Ziadi, N., & Grant, C. (2012). Urea fertilizer forms affect grain corn yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 92(2), 341–351. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss2011-074
  • Gökmen, S., Sencar, O., & Sakin, M. A. (2001). Response of popcorn (Zea mays everta) to nitrogen rates and plant densities. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 25(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-9904-20
  • Inamullah, Rehman, N., Shah, N. H., Arif, M., Siddiq, M., & Mian, I. A. (2011). Correlations among grain yield and yield attributes in maize hybrids at various nitrogen levels. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 27(4), 531–538.
  • Ladha, J. K., Pathak, H., Krupnik, T. J., Six, J., & van Kessel, C. (2005). Efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in cereal production: retrospects and prospects. Advances in Agronomy, 87(05), 85–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(05)87003-8
  • McKeown, R. E. (2002). Epidemiology: An Introduction. Epidemiology, 13(5), 600–603. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200209000-00019
  • Muhammad Arif, S. I. (2015). Effect of nitrogen levels and plant population on yield and yield components of maize. Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 03(02), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000170
  • Ojha, B. (2006). Response of maize to different levels of nitrogen. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, 27, 149–152. https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v27i0.708
  • Prajapati, Kalavati. (2012). The importance of potassium in plant growth – A review. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences, 1, 177-186.
  • Rahman, M., Paul, S., & Rahman, M. (2016). Effects of spacing and nitrogen levels on yield and yield contributing characters of maize. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 14(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v14i1.30595
  • Ranum, P., Peña-Rosas, J. P., & Garcia-Casal, M. N. (2014). Global maize production, utilization, and consumption. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1312(1), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12396
  • Rassaei, Farzad. (2023). Phosphorus in Soils and Plants: Phosphorus in Soils and Plants: An Overview LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, p. 56.
  • Sapkota, D., & Pokhrel, S. (2013). Community based maize seed production in the hills and mountains of Nepal: A review. Agronomy Journal of Nepal, 1, 107–112. https://doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v1i0.7550
  • Sharma, R., Adhikari, P., Shrestha, J. and Acharya, B.P. (2019). Response of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids to different levels of nitrogen. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 4(3), 295-299. https://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2019.040306
  • Subedi, S. (2015). A review on important maize diseases and their management in Nepal. Journal of Maize Research and Development, 1(1), 28–52. https://doi.org/10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14242
  • Thapa, R. (2021). A detail eview on status and prospect of maize production in Nepal. Food and Agri Economics Review, 1(1), 52–56. https://doi.org/10.26480/faer.01.2021.52.56
  • Tiwari, T. P., Virk, D. S., & Sinclair, F. L. (2009). Rapid gains in yield and adoption of new maize varieties for complex hillside environments through farmer participation. I. Improving options through participatory varietal selection (PVS). Field Crops Research, 111(1–2), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.11.008
  • Wajid, A., Ghaffar, A., Maqsood, M., Hussain, K., & Nasim, W. (2007). Yield response of maize hybrids to varying nitrogen rates. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 44(2), 217–220.
  • Woldesenbet, M., & Haileyesus, A. (2016). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and yield components of maize (Zea Mays L.) in Decha District, Southwestern Ethiopia. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 4(2), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i2.2016.2817
  • Zaman Khan, H., Iqbal, S., Iqbal, A., Akbar, N., & Jones, D. L. (2011). Response of maize (Zea mays L.) varieties to different levels of nitrogen. Crop & Environment, 2011(2), 15–19. www.psa.net.pk
  • Ziadi, N., Brassard, M., Bélanger, G., Cambouris, A. N., Tremblay, N., Nolin, M. C., Claessens, A., & Parent, L. É. (2008). Critical nitrogen curve and nitrogen nutrition index for corn in eastern Canada. Agronomy Journal, 100(2), 271–276. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0059

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 14 - 26

Khem Raj Ghimire , Ravi Acharya

https://doi.org/10.53663/turjfas.1586553

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adhikari, K., Bhandari, S., Aryal, K., Mahato, M., & Shrestha, J. (2021). Effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) varieties. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 4(2), 48–62. https://doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i2.33656
  • Adiaha, M. S. (2017). The impact of Maize (Zea mays L.) and it uses for human development: A review. International Journal of Scientific World, 5(1), 93. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijsw.v5i1.7585
  • Ağirağaç, Z., & Zorer Çelebi, Ş. (2024). Combined applications and Multi-Faceted evaluations of humic acid, seaweed, and vermicompost with chemical and organo-mineral fertilizers on corn, part I: chlorophyll concentration. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2024.2405030
  • Ahmad, S., Khan, A. A., Kamran, M., Ahmad, I., Ali, S., & Fahad, S. (2018). Response of maize cultivars to various nitrogen levels. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 8(01), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.21767/2248-9215.100043
  • Ali Akbar, M. (2016). Planting arrangement, population density and fertilizer application rate for white maize (Zea mays l.) production in Bandarban Valley. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 5(6), 215. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.12
  • Anwar, S. (2017). Effect of nitrogen rates and application times on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). Pure and Applied Biology, 6(3), 908–916. https://doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2017.60096
  • Dawadi, D., & Sah, S. (2012). Growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) in relation to planting density and nitrogen levels during winter season in Nepal. Tropical Agricultural Research, 23(3), 218. https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v23i3.4659
  • Derby, N. E., Casey, F. X. M., Knighton, R. E., & Steele, D. D. (2004). Midseason nitrogen fertility management for corn based on weather and yield prediction. Agronomy Journal, 96(2), 494–501. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.4940
  • Devkota, K. P., McDonald, A. J., Khadka, A., Khadka, L., Paudel, G., & Devkota, M. (2015). Decomposing maize yield gaps differentiates entry points for intensification in the rainfed mid-hills of Nepal. Field Crops Research, 179, 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.04.013
  • Erenstein, O., Jaleta, M., Sonder, K., Mottaleb, K., & Prasanna, B. M. (2022). Global maize production, consumption and trade: trends and R&D implications. Food Security, 14(5), 1295–1319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-022-01288-7
  • Gagnon, B., Ziadi, N., & Grant, C. (2012). Urea fertilizer forms affect grain corn yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 92(2), 341–351. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss2011-074
  • Gökmen, S., Sencar, O., & Sakin, M. A. (2001). Response of popcorn (Zea mays everta) to nitrogen rates and plant densities. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 25(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-9904-20
  • Inamullah, Rehman, N., Shah, N. H., Arif, M., Siddiq, M., & Mian, I. A. (2011). Correlations among grain yield and yield attributes in maize hybrids at various nitrogen levels. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 27(4), 531–538.
  • Ladha, J. K., Pathak, H., Krupnik, T. J., Six, J., & van Kessel, C. (2005). Efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in cereal production: retrospects and prospects. Advances in Agronomy, 87(05), 85–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(05)87003-8
  • McKeown, R. E. (2002). Epidemiology: An Introduction. Epidemiology, 13(5), 600–603. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200209000-00019
  • Muhammad Arif, S. I. (2015). Effect of nitrogen levels and plant population on yield and yield components of maize. Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 03(02), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000170
  • Ojha, B. (2006). Response of maize to different levels of nitrogen. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, 27, 149–152. https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v27i0.708
  • Prajapati, Kalavati. (2012). The importance of potassium in plant growth – A review. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences, 1, 177-186.
  • Rahman, M., Paul, S., & Rahman, M. (2016). Effects of spacing and nitrogen levels on yield and yield contributing characters of maize. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 14(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v14i1.30595
  • Ranum, P., Peña-Rosas, J. P., & Garcia-Casal, M. N. (2014). Global maize production, utilization, and consumption. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1312(1), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12396
  • Rassaei, Farzad. (2023). Phosphorus in Soils and Plants: Phosphorus in Soils and Plants: An Overview LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, p. 56.
  • Sapkota, D., & Pokhrel, S. (2013). Community based maize seed production in the hills and mountains of Nepal: A review. Agronomy Journal of Nepal, 1, 107–112. https://doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v1i0.7550
  • Sharma, R., Adhikari, P., Shrestha, J. and Acharya, B.P. (2019). Response of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids to different levels of nitrogen. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 4(3), 295-299. https://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2019.040306
  • Subedi, S. (2015). A review on important maize diseases and their management in Nepal. Journal of Maize Research and Development, 1(1), 28–52. https://doi.org/10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14242
  • Thapa, R. (2021). A detail eview on status and prospect of maize production in Nepal. Food and Agri Economics Review, 1(1), 52–56. https://doi.org/10.26480/faer.01.2021.52.56
  • Tiwari, T. P., Virk, D. S., & Sinclair, F. L. (2009). Rapid gains in yield and adoption of new maize varieties for complex hillside environments through farmer participation. I. Improving options through participatory varietal selection (PVS). Field Crops Research, 111(1–2), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.11.008
  • Wajid, A., Ghaffar, A., Maqsood, M., Hussain, K., & Nasim, W. (2007). Yield response of maize hybrids to varying nitrogen rates. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 44(2), 217–220.
  • Woldesenbet, M., & Haileyesus, A. (2016). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and yield components of maize (Zea Mays L.) in Decha District, Southwestern Ethiopia. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 4(2), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i2.2016.2817
  • Zaman Khan, H., Iqbal, S., Iqbal, A., Akbar, N., & Jones, D. L. (2011). Response of maize (Zea mays L.) varieties to different levels of nitrogen. Crop & Environment, 2011(2), 15–19. www.psa.net.pk
  • Ziadi, N., Brassard, M., Bélanger, G., Cambouris, A. N., Tremblay, N., Nolin, M. C., Claessens, A., & Parent, L. É. (2008). Critical nitrogen curve and nitrogen nutrition index for corn in eastern Canada. Agronomy Journal, 100(2), 271–276. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0059
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Agronomi, Tahıllar ve Yemeklik Tane Baklagiller
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Khem Raj Ghimire 0009-0009-1097-3758

Ravi Acharya 0009-0003-4122-289X

Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 5 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Ghimire, K. R., & Acharya, R. (t.y.). Effect of different doses of nitrogen on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) in Bhadrapur, Jhapa. Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences, 7(1), 14-26. https://doi.org/10.53663/turjfas.1586553
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Journal Abbreviation: Turk J Food Agric Sci