Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 128 - 136, 30.06.2025
Öz
Kaynakça
- Aenumulapalli, A., Kulkarni, M. M., & Gandotra, A. R. (2017). Prevalence of flexible flat foot in adults: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Diagn Res, 11(6), AC17–AC20. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/26566.10059
- Alam, F., Raza, S., Moiz, J. A., Bhati, P., Anwer, S., & Alghadir, A. (2019). Effects of selective strengthening of tibialis posterior and stretching of iliopsoas on navicular drop, dynamic balance, and lower limb muscle activity in pronated feet: A randomized clinical trial. Phys Sportsmed, 47(3), 301–311. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1553466
- Anaforoğlu Külünkoğlu, B., Fırat, N., Yıldız, N. T., & Alkan, A. (2018). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Foot Function Index in patients with foot disorders. Turk J Med Sci, 48(3), 476–483. doi: 10.3906/sag-1705-143
- Andreasen, J., Mølgaard, C. M., Christensen, M., Kaalund, S., Lundbye-Christensen, S., Simonsen, O., & Voigt, M. (2013). Exercise therapy and custom-made insoles are effective in patients with excessive pronation and chronic foot pain--a randomized controlled trial. Foot (Edinb), 23(1), 22–28. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2012.12.001
- Blasimann, A., Eichelberger, P., Brülhart, Y., El-Masri, I., Flückiger, G., Frauchiger, L., Huber, M., Weber, M., Krause, F. G., & Baur, H. (2015). Non-surgical treatment of pain associated with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial. J Foot Ankle Res, 8, 37. doi: 10.1186/s13047-015-0095-4
- Chen, K. C., Tung, L. C., Tung, C. H., Yeh, C. J., Yang, J. F., & Wang, C. H. (2014). An investigation of the factors affecting flatfoot in children with delayed motor development. Res Dev Disabil, 35(3), 639–645. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.12.012
- Cheng, J., Han, D., Qu, J., Liu, Z., & Huang, Y. (2024). Effects of short foot training on foot posture in patients with flatfeet: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 37(4), 839–851. doi: 10.3233/BMR-230226
- Choi, J. Y., Hong, W. H., Suh, J. S., Han, J. H., Lee, D. J., & Lee, Y. J. (2020). The long-term structural effect of orthoses for pediatric flexible flat foot: A systematic review. Foot Ankle Surg, 26(2), 181–188. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2019.01.007
- Elsayed, W., Alotaibi, S., Shaheen, A., Farouk, M., & Farrag, A. (2023). The combined effect of short foot exercises and orthosis in symptomatic flexible flatfoot: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 59(3), 396–405. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.23.07846-2
- Eng, J. J., & Pierrynowski, M. R. (1993). Evaluation of soft foot orthotics in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Phys Ther, 73(2), 62–70. doi: 10.1093/ptj/73.2.62
- Fiolkowski, P., Brunt, D., Bishop, M., Woo, R., & Horodyski, M. (2003). Intrinsic pedal musculature support of the medial longitudinal arch: an electromyography study. J Foot Ankle Surg, 42(6), 327–333. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2003.10.003
- Hara, S., Kitano, M., & Kudo, S. (2023). The effects of short foot exercises to treat flat foot deformity: A systematic review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 36(1), 21–33. doi: 10.3233/BMR-210374
- Harris, E. J., Vanore, J. V., Thomas, J. L., Kravitz, S. R., Mendelson, S. A., Mendicino, R. W., Silvani, S. H., Gassen, S. C., & Clinical Practice Guideline Pediatric Flatfoot Panel of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (2004). Diagnosis and treatment of pediatric flatfoot. J Foot Ankle Surg, 43(6), 341–373. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2004.09.013
- Haun, C., Brown, C. N., Hannigan, K., & Johnson, S. T. (2020). The effects of the short foot exercise on navicular drop: A critically appraised topic. J Sport Rehabil, 30(1), 152–157. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2019-0437
- Jafarnezhadgero, A., Mousavi, S. H., Madadi-Shad, M., & Hijmans, J. M. (2020). Quantifying lower limb inter-joint coordination and coordination variability after four-month wearing arch support foot orthoses in children with flexible flat feet. Hum Mov Sci, 70, 102593. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102593
- Jung, D. Y., Koh, E. K., & Kwon, O. Y. (2011). Effect of foot orthoses and short-foot exercise on the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle in subjects with pes planus: a randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 24(4), 225–231. doi: 10.3233/BMR-2011-0299
- Kim, E. K., & Kim, J. S. (2016). The effects of short foot exercises and arch support insoles on improvement in the medial longitudinal arch and dynamic balance of flexible flatfoot patients. J Phys Ther Sci, 28(11), 3136–3139. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.3136
- Kirmizi, M., Sengul, Y. S., Akcali, O., & Angin, S. (2024). Effects of foot exercises and customized arch support insoles on foot posture, plantar force distribution, and balance in people with flexible flatfoot: A randomized controlled trial. Gait Posture, 113, 106–114. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.05.030
- Lin, C. J., Lai, K. A., Kuan, T. S., & Chou, Y. L. (2001). Correlating factors and clinical significance of flexible flatfoot in preschool children. J Pediatr Orthop, 21(3), 378–382.
- MacKenzie, J. A., Rome, K., Evans, A. M. (2012) The efficacy of nonsurgical interventions for pediatric flexible flat foot: A critical review. J Pediatr Orthop, 32 (8), 830–834.
- McKeon, P. O., Hertel, J., Bramble, D., & Davis, I. (2015). The foot core system: a new paradigm for understanding intrinsic foot muscle function. Br J Sports Med, 49(5), 290. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092690
- Morrison, S. C., Durward, B. R., Watt, G. F., Donaldson, M.D.C. (2004). Literature review evaluating the role of the navicular in the clinical and scientific examination of the foot. Br J Pod, 7(4), 110-4.
- Mulligan, E. P., & Cook, P. G. (2013). Effect of plantar intrinsic muscle training on medial longitudinal arch morphology and dynamic function. Man Ther, 18(5), 425–430. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2013.02.007
- Pinney, S. J., & Lin, S. S. (2006). Current concept review: acquired adult flatfoot deformity. Foot Ankle Int, 27(1), 66–75. doi: 10.1177/107110070602700113
- Sheikh Taha, A. M., & Feldman, D. S. (2015). Painful flexible flatfoot. Foot Ankle Clin, 20(4), 693–704. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2015.07.011
- Shih, Y. F., Wen, Y. K., & Chen, W. Y. (2011). Application of wedged foot orthosis effectively reduces pain in runners with pronated foot: a randomized clinical study. Clin Rehabil, 25(10), 913–923. doi: 10.1177/0269215511411938
- Soltani, N., & Fatahi, A. (2024). Flatfoot deformity; exercise to therapeutic interventions: A systematic review. Iran J Public Health, 53(2), 305–312. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14915
- Sukprasert, O., Boonyarom O., Somthavil S. (2024). Flexible Flatfoot: Effects Of Foot Muscle Exercises On Dynamic Balance, Plantar Pressure, And Muscle Strength. J Health Res, 38(1), 11-19. doi: 10.56808/2586-940X.1055
- Taspinar, O., Kabayel, D. D., Ozdemir, F., Tuna, H., Keskin, Y., Mercimek, O. B., Süt, N., Yavuz, S., & Tuna, F. (2017). Comparing the efficacy of exercise, internal and external shoe modification in pes planus: A clinical and pedobarographic study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 30(2), 255–263. doi: 10.3233/BMR-150399
- Ünver, B., Bek, N. (2014). Effects of the insert to plantar contact area and pressure distribution. Turkish J Physiother Rehabil, 25 (2), 1–7.
- Ünver, B., Erdem, E. U., & Akbas, E. (2019). Effects of short-foot exercises on foot posture, pain, disability, and plantar pressure in pes planus. J Sport Rehabil, 29(4), 436–440. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0363
- Wei, Z., Zeng, Z., Liu, M., & Wang, L. (2022). Effect of intrinsic foot muscles training on foot function and dynamic postural balance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS One, 17(4), e0266525. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266525
- Whitford, D., & Esterman, A. (2007). A randomized controlled trial of two types of in-shoe orthoses in children with flexible excess pronation of the feet. Foot Ankle Int, 28(6), 715–723. doi: 10.3113/FAI.2007.0715
- Xu, R., Wang, Z., Ren, Z., Ma, T., Jia, Z., Fang, S., & Jin, H. (2019). Comparative Study of the Effects of Customized 3D printed insole and Prefabricated Insole on Plantar Pressure and Comfort in Patients with Symptomatic Flatfoot. Med Sci Monit, 25, 3510–3519. doi: 10.12659/MSM.916975
- Yurt, Y., Şener, G., & Yakut, Y. (2019). The effect of different foot orthoses on pain and health related quality of life in painful flexible flat foot: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 55(1), 95–102. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.18.05108-0
Effects of CAD/CAM insoles and exercise on medial longitudinal arch and foot function in adolescents with flexible pes planus
Öz
The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of CAD/CAM-produced insoles and exercise on foot function and medial longitudinal arch (MLA) flexibility in adolescents aged 10-19 years diagnosed with painful flexible pes planus. A total of 42 individuals with painful flexible pes planus were divided into 2 groups by computer-aided randomization method, 21 individuals were included in the insole group and 21 individuals were included in the insole plus exercise group. Foot function index (FFI) was used to evaluate foot function of adolescents with painful flexible pes planus and navicular drop test (NDT) was used to determine medial longitudinal arch flexibility. Post-treatment navicular drop test scores in adolescents with painful flexible pes planus were significantly lower in the insole and insole plus exercise groups. (p<0.001), In the insole plus exercise group, especially in the right foot, the difference value of the navicular drop score after treatment was found to be higher than before treatment (p<0.01). Foot function index sub-parameters and total score were found to be significantly lower in both groups after treatment (p<0.001), but there was no difference between the groups (p>0.05). In conclusion; it was found that CAD/CAM insoles improved FFI parameters in adolescents with painful flexible pes planus. However, it was found that the effects of sole insoles and exercise plus insoles were similar on these parameters and that exercise has no additional benefit over insoles. However, it was found that exercise was more effective in improving the amount of navicular drop.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etik Beyan
The study was approved by the Pamukkale University Clinical Research and Ethics Institution on 22.01.2019 with the file number 60116787-020/5952 and it was carried out in accordance with the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association also known as a declaration of Helsinki.
Destekleyen Kurum
The authors declare that the study received no funding.
Kaynakça
- Aenumulapalli, A., Kulkarni, M. M., & Gandotra, A. R. (2017). Prevalence of flexible flat foot in adults: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Diagn Res, 11(6), AC17–AC20. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/26566.10059
- Alam, F., Raza, S., Moiz, J. A., Bhati, P., Anwer, S., & Alghadir, A. (2019). Effects of selective strengthening of tibialis posterior and stretching of iliopsoas on navicular drop, dynamic balance, and lower limb muscle activity in pronated feet: A randomized clinical trial. Phys Sportsmed, 47(3), 301–311. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1553466
- Anaforoğlu Külünkoğlu, B., Fırat, N., Yıldız, N. T., & Alkan, A. (2018). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Foot Function Index in patients with foot disorders. Turk J Med Sci, 48(3), 476–483. doi: 10.3906/sag-1705-143
- Andreasen, J., Mølgaard, C. M., Christensen, M., Kaalund, S., Lundbye-Christensen, S., Simonsen, O., & Voigt, M. (2013). Exercise therapy and custom-made insoles are effective in patients with excessive pronation and chronic foot pain--a randomized controlled trial. Foot (Edinb), 23(1), 22–28. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2012.12.001
- Blasimann, A., Eichelberger, P., Brülhart, Y., El-Masri, I., Flückiger, G., Frauchiger, L., Huber, M., Weber, M., Krause, F. G., & Baur, H. (2015). Non-surgical treatment of pain associated with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial. J Foot Ankle Res, 8, 37. doi: 10.1186/s13047-015-0095-4
- Chen, K. C., Tung, L. C., Tung, C. H., Yeh, C. J., Yang, J. F., & Wang, C. H. (2014). An investigation of the factors affecting flatfoot in children with delayed motor development. Res Dev Disabil, 35(3), 639–645. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.12.012
- Cheng, J., Han, D., Qu, J., Liu, Z., & Huang, Y. (2024). Effects of short foot training on foot posture in patients with flatfeet: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 37(4), 839–851. doi: 10.3233/BMR-230226
- Choi, J. Y., Hong, W. H., Suh, J. S., Han, J. H., Lee, D. J., & Lee, Y. J. (2020). The long-term structural effect of orthoses for pediatric flexible flat foot: A systematic review. Foot Ankle Surg, 26(2), 181–188. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2019.01.007
- Elsayed, W., Alotaibi, S., Shaheen, A., Farouk, M., & Farrag, A. (2023). The combined effect of short foot exercises and orthosis in symptomatic flexible flatfoot: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 59(3), 396–405. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.23.07846-2
- Eng, J. J., & Pierrynowski, M. R. (1993). Evaluation of soft foot orthotics in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Phys Ther, 73(2), 62–70. doi: 10.1093/ptj/73.2.62
- Fiolkowski, P., Brunt, D., Bishop, M., Woo, R., & Horodyski, M. (2003). Intrinsic pedal musculature support of the medial longitudinal arch: an electromyography study. J Foot Ankle Surg, 42(6), 327–333. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2003.10.003
- Hara, S., Kitano, M., & Kudo, S. (2023). The effects of short foot exercises to treat flat foot deformity: A systematic review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 36(1), 21–33. doi: 10.3233/BMR-210374
- Harris, E. J., Vanore, J. V., Thomas, J. L., Kravitz, S. R., Mendelson, S. A., Mendicino, R. W., Silvani, S. H., Gassen, S. C., & Clinical Practice Guideline Pediatric Flatfoot Panel of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (2004). Diagnosis and treatment of pediatric flatfoot. J Foot Ankle Surg, 43(6), 341–373. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2004.09.013
- Haun, C., Brown, C. N., Hannigan, K., & Johnson, S. T. (2020). The effects of the short foot exercise on navicular drop: A critically appraised topic. J Sport Rehabil, 30(1), 152–157. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2019-0437
- Jafarnezhadgero, A., Mousavi, S. H., Madadi-Shad, M., & Hijmans, J. M. (2020). Quantifying lower limb inter-joint coordination and coordination variability after four-month wearing arch support foot orthoses in children with flexible flat feet. Hum Mov Sci, 70, 102593. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102593
- Jung, D. Y., Koh, E. K., & Kwon, O. Y. (2011). Effect of foot orthoses and short-foot exercise on the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle in subjects with pes planus: a randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 24(4), 225–231. doi: 10.3233/BMR-2011-0299
- Kim, E. K., & Kim, J. S. (2016). The effects of short foot exercises and arch support insoles on improvement in the medial longitudinal arch and dynamic balance of flexible flatfoot patients. J Phys Ther Sci, 28(11), 3136–3139. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.3136
- Kirmizi, M., Sengul, Y. S., Akcali, O., & Angin, S. (2024). Effects of foot exercises and customized arch support insoles on foot posture, plantar force distribution, and balance in people with flexible flatfoot: A randomized controlled trial. Gait Posture, 113, 106–114. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.05.030
- Lin, C. J., Lai, K. A., Kuan, T. S., & Chou, Y. L. (2001). Correlating factors and clinical significance of flexible flatfoot in preschool children. J Pediatr Orthop, 21(3), 378–382.
- MacKenzie, J. A., Rome, K., Evans, A. M. (2012) The efficacy of nonsurgical interventions for pediatric flexible flat foot: A critical review. J Pediatr Orthop, 32 (8), 830–834.
- McKeon, P. O., Hertel, J., Bramble, D., & Davis, I. (2015). The foot core system: a new paradigm for understanding intrinsic foot muscle function. Br J Sports Med, 49(5), 290. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092690
- Morrison, S. C., Durward, B. R., Watt, G. F., Donaldson, M.D.C. (2004). Literature review evaluating the role of the navicular in the clinical and scientific examination of the foot. Br J Pod, 7(4), 110-4.
- Mulligan, E. P., & Cook, P. G. (2013). Effect of plantar intrinsic muscle training on medial longitudinal arch morphology and dynamic function. Man Ther, 18(5), 425–430. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2013.02.007
- Pinney, S. J., & Lin, S. S. (2006). Current concept review: acquired adult flatfoot deformity. Foot Ankle Int, 27(1), 66–75. doi: 10.1177/107110070602700113
- Sheikh Taha, A. M., & Feldman, D. S. (2015). Painful flexible flatfoot. Foot Ankle Clin, 20(4), 693–704. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2015.07.011
- Shih, Y. F., Wen, Y. K., & Chen, W. Y. (2011). Application of wedged foot orthosis effectively reduces pain in runners with pronated foot: a randomized clinical study. Clin Rehabil, 25(10), 913–923. doi: 10.1177/0269215511411938
- Soltani, N., & Fatahi, A. (2024). Flatfoot deformity; exercise to therapeutic interventions: A systematic review. Iran J Public Health, 53(2), 305–312. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14915
- Sukprasert, O., Boonyarom O., Somthavil S. (2024). Flexible Flatfoot: Effects Of Foot Muscle Exercises On Dynamic Balance, Plantar Pressure, And Muscle Strength. J Health Res, 38(1), 11-19. doi: 10.56808/2586-940X.1055
- Taspinar, O., Kabayel, D. D., Ozdemir, F., Tuna, H., Keskin, Y., Mercimek, O. B., Süt, N., Yavuz, S., & Tuna, F. (2017). Comparing the efficacy of exercise, internal and external shoe modification in pes planus: A clinical and pedobarographic study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 30(2), 255–263. doi: 10.3233/BMR-150399
- Ünver, B., Bek, N. (2014). Effects of the insert to plantar contact area and pressure distribution. Turkish J Physiother Rehabil, 25 (2), 1–7.
- Ünver, B., Erdem, E. U., & Akbas, E. (2019). Effects of short-foot exercises on foot posture, pain, disability, and plantar pressure in pes planus. J Sport Rehabil, 29(4), 436–440. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0363
- Wei, Z., Zeng, Z., Liu, M., & Wang, L. (2022). Effect of intrinsic foot muscles training on foot function and dynamic postural balance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS One, 17(4), e0266525. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266525
- Whitford, D., & Esterman, A. (2007). A randomized controlled trial of two types of in-shoe orthoses in children with flexible excess pronation of the feet. Foot Ankle Int, 28(6), 715–723. doi: 10.3113/FAI.2007.0715
- Xu, R., Wang, Z., Ren, Z., Ma, T., Jia, Z., Fang, S., & Jin, H. (2019). Comparative Study of the Effects of Customized 3D printed insole and Prefabricated Insole on Plantar Pressure and Comfort in Patients with Symptomatic Flatfoot. Med Sci Monit, 25, 3510–3519. doi: 10.12659/MSM.916975
- Yurt, Y., Şener, G., & Yakut, Y. (2019). The effect of different foot orthoses on pain and health related quality of life in painful flexible flat foot: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 55(1), 95–102. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.18.05108-0
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Rehabilitasyon |
| Bölüm | Original Research Articles |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 2 Nisan 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 28 Mayıs 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3 |
