Echocardiographic evaluation of myocardial function changes due to sepsis and SIRS in dogs with parvoviral enteritis
Öz
In this study, the effectiveness of conventional echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) methods were compared with changes in myocardial function due to sepsis and SIRS in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. The findings are aimed to contribute to the early diagnosis of cardiac complications. The study included 16 puppies diagnosed with CPV infection and meeting at least two of the SIRS criteria (Group A) and 16 healthy puppies (Group B). Blood sample was taken once from the dogs in Group A and Group B, and whole blood analysis was performed. Standard echocardiography and 2DSTE were performed to the puppies in both groups. Images were recorded and analyzed offline to determine left ventricular radial strain and strain rate with 2DSTE.When the radial strain and strain rate of Group A and Group B were compared, no statistically significant difference was found. However, it was determined that animals that died in Group A had lower radial strain values compared to healthy animals. Ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) determined by standard echocardiography did not differ between the groups. It was concluded that left ventricular functions are affected in puppies with parvoviral enteritis with sepsis and SIRS, and the 2DSTE method should be used together with standard echocardiography in the evaluation of these functions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
canine parvovirus sepsis SIRS speckle tracking echocardiography
Kaynakça
- Goddard A, Leisewitz AL. Canine parvovirus. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2010;40:1041-53.
- Mylonakis ME, Kalli I, Rallis TS. Canine parvoviral enteritis: an update on the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Vet Med. 2016;7:91-100.
- Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Canine parvovirus—a review of epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, with emphasis on type 2c. Vet Microbiol. 2012;155:1-12.
- Yilmaz Z, Şentürk S. Characterisation of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2007;48:643-50.
- Miranda C, Thompson G. Canine parvovirus: the worldwide occurrence of antigenic variants. J Gen Virol. 2016;97:2043-57.
- Corda A, Pinna Parpaglia ML, Sotgiu G, Zobba R, Gomez Ochoa P, Prieto Ramos J, et al. Use of 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography to assess left ventricular systolic function in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Vet Intern Med. 2019;33:423-31.
- Kocatürk M, Martinez S, Eralp O, Tvarijonaviciute A, Ceron J, Yilmaz Z. Tei index (myocardial performance index) and cardiac biomarkers in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Res Vet Sci. 2012;92:24-9.
- L’heureux M, Sternberg M, Brath L, Turlington J, Kashiouris MG. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: a comprehensive review. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2020;22:35.
- Atwell RB, Kelly WR. Canine parvovirus: a cause of chronic myocardial fibrosis and adolescent congestive heart failure. J Small Anim Pract. 1980;21:609-20.
- Ford J, Mcendaffer L, Renshaw R, Molesan A, Kelly K. Parvovirus infection is associated with myocarditis and myocardial fibrosis in young dogs. Vet Pathol. 2017;54:964-71.
- Sime TA, Powell LL, Schildt JC, Olson EJ. Parvoviral myocarditis in a 5-week-old Dachshund. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2015;25(6):765-9.
- Alves F, Prata S, Nunes T, Gomes J, Aguiar S, Aires Da Silva F, et al. Canine parvovirus: a predicting canine model for sepsis. BMC Vet Res BioMed. 2020;16:1-11.
- Çağatay A, Başaran S, Saribuğa A. Sepsis: genel kavramlar ve epidemiyoloji. Turkiye Klin J Emerg Med-Special Top. 2015;3:1-10.
- Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Annane D, Bauer M, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315:801-10.
- Karaali R, Tabak F. Sepsis patogenezi. Klin Gelişim. 2009;22:71-6.
- Yorganci K. Sepsis patofizyolojisi. Yoğun Bakım Derg. 2005;5:80-4.
- Naseri A, Akyuz E, Turgut K, Guzelbektes H, Sen I. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy in animals: from experimental studies to echocardiography-based clinical research. Can Vet J. 2023;64:871-7.
- Kocatürk M, Tvarijonaviciute A, Martinezsubiela S, Tecles F, Eralp O, Yilmaz Z, et al. Inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers of disease severity in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2015;56:119-24.
- Otto CM. Clinical trials in spontaneous disease in dogs: a new paradigm for investigations of sepsis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2007;17:359-67.
- Goggs R, Letendre J. Evaluation of the host cytokine response in dogs with sepsis and noninfectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2019;29:593-603.
- Lv X, Wang H. Pathophysiology of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Mil Med Res. 2016;3:1-9.
- Florence B, Nadia A, Jingling B. Septic cardiomyopathy: diagnosis and management. J Intensive Med. 2022;2:8-16.
- Antonucci E, Fiaccadori E, Donadello K, Taccone FS, Franchi F, Scolletta S. Myocardial depression in sepsis: from pathogenesis to clinical manifestations and treatment. J Crit Care. 2016;29:500-11.
- de Abreu CB, Muzzi RAL, de Oliveira LED, Schulien T, Coelho MR, Alves LA, et al. Systolic dysfunction by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Cardiol. 2021;34:93-104.
- Amzulescu MS, De Craene M, Langet H, Pasquet A, Vancraeynest D, Pouleur AC, et al. Myocardial strain imaging: review of general principles, validation, and sources of discrepancies. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;20:605-19.
- Shahul S, Gulati G, Hacker MR, Mahmood F, Canelli R, Nizamuddin J, et al. Detection of myocardial dysfunction in septic shock: a speckle-tracking echocardiography study. Anesth Analg. 2015;121:1547-54.
- Madron E. Global left ventricular systolic function assessment. In: Madron E, Chetboul V, Bussadori C, editors. Clinical echocardiography of the dog and cat. 1st ed. Riverport Lane: Elsevier; 2015. p. 112-24.
- Borlaug BA, Paulus WJ. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Eur Heart J. 2011;32:670-9.
- Hestenes SM, Halvorsen PS, Skulstad H, Remme EW, Espinoza A, Hyler S, et al. Advantages of strain echocardiography in assessment of myocardial function in severe sepsis: an experimental study. Crit Care Med. 2014;42:432-40.
- Kim YH, Kim JH, Park C. Evaluation of tissue doppler ultrasonographic and strain imaging for assessment of myocardial dysfunction in dogs with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Am J Vet Res. 2018;79:1035-43.
- İnce ME, Turgut K, Naseri A. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in dogs with severe sepsis and septic shock; longitudinal study. Animals. 2021;11:2011.
- Dalla K, Hallman C, Bech Hanssen O, Haney M, Ricksten SE. Strain echocardiography identifies impaired longitudinal systolic function in patients with septic shock and preserved ejection fraction. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2015;13:30.
- Basu S, Frank LH, Fenton KE, Sable CA, Levy RJ, Berger JT. Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging detects impaired myocardial performance in children with septic shock, not recognized by conventional echocardiography. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012;13:259-64.
- Nielsen EW, Hellerud BC, Thorgersen EB, Castellheim A, Pharo A, Lindstad J, et al. A new dynamic porcine model of meningococcal shock. Shock. 2009;32:302-9.
- Chetboul V, Serres F, Gouni V, Tissier R, Pouchelon JL. Radial strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography and the tissue velocity based technique in the dog. J Vet Cardiol. 2007;9:69-81.
Parvoviral enteritisli köpeklerde sepsis ve SİYS’e bağlı miyokardiyal fonksiyon değişikliklerinin ekokardiyografik değerlendirilmesi
Öz
Bu çalışmada, parvoviral enteritisli köpeklerde sepsis ve SİYS'e bağlı miyokardiyal fonksiyon değişiklikleri ile standart ekokardiyografi ve iki boyutlu benek takibi ekokardiyografi (2DBTE) yöntemlerinin etkinliği karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulguların, kardiyak komplikasyonların erken teşhisine katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, CPV enfeksiyonu teşhisi konulan ve SİYS kriterlerinden en az ikisini gösteren 16 yavru köpek (Grup A) ile sağlıklı 16 yavru köpek (Grup B) dâhil edildi. Grup A ve Grup B’de bulunan köpeklerden bir kez kan alınarak hematolojik muayene gerçekleştirildi. Her iki gruptaki yavru köpeklere standart ekokardiyografi ve 2DBTE uygulandı. 2DBTE ile sol ventrikül radyal gerilimi ve gerilim hızını belirlemek için görüntüler kaydedildi ve çevrimdışı analiz edildi. Grup A ve Grup B’nin radyal gerilim ve gerilim hızları kıyaslandığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farka rastlanmadı. Ancak Grup A’da ölen hayvanların sağlıklı hayvanlara kıyasla daha düşük radyal gerilim değerlerine sahip olduğu belirlendi. Standart ekokardiyografi ile belirlenen ejeksiyon fraksiyonunun (EF) ve fraksiyonel kısalmanın (FS) gruplar arasında fark oluşturmadığı görüldü. Sepsis ve SİYS görülen parvoviral enteritisli yavru köpeklerde sol ventrikül fonksiyonlarının etkilendiği ve bu fonksiyonların değerlendirilmesinde standart ekokardiyografi ile 2DBTE metodunun da kullanılması gerektiği kanısına varıldı.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etik Beyan
Bu çalışma, Ankara Üniversitesi Hayvan Deneyleri Yerel Etik Kurulu (tarih: 17 Ekim 2018; no:2018-20-129) izni ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Makale birinci isim yazarın (Kadir SEVİM) aynı isimli doktora tezinden özetlenmiştir.
Teşekkür
Araştırmanın istatistiksel analizlerindeki katkılarından dolayı Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Zootekni ve Hayvan Besleme Ana Bilim Dalı Öğretim Üyesi Sayın Doç. Dr. Ufuk Kaya’ya ve ekokardiyografik muayenelerdeki desteklerinden dolayı Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi İç Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı Öğretim Üyesi Sayın Doç. Dr. Ekrem Çağatay Çolakoğlu’na teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.
Kaynakça
- Goddard A, Leisewitz AL. Canine parvovirus. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2010;40:1041-53.
- Mylonakis ME, Kalli I, Rallis TS. Canine parvoviral enteritis: an update on the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Vet Med. 2016;7:91-100.
- Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Canine parvovirus—a review of epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, with emphasis on type 2c. Vet Microbiol. 2012;155:1-12.
- Yilmaz Z, Şentürk S. Characterisation of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2007;48:643-50.
- Miranda C, Thompson G. Canine parvovirus: the worldwide occurrence of antigenic variants. J Gen Virol. 2016;97:2043-57.
- Corda A, Pinna Parpaglia ML, Sotgiu G, Zobba R, Gomez Ochoa P, Prieto Ramos J, et al. Use of 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography to assess left ventricular systolic function in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Vet Intern Med. 2019;33:423-31.
- Kocatürk M, Martinez S, Eralp O, Tvarijonaviciute A, Ceron J, Yilmaz Z. Tei index (myocardial performance index) and cardiac biomarkers in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Res Vet Sci. 2012;92:24-9.
- L’heureux M, Sternberg M, Brath L, Turlington J, Kashiouris MG. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: a comprehensive review. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2020;22:35.
- Atwell RB, Kelly WR. Canine parvovirus: a cause of chronic myocardial fibrosis and adolescent congestive heart failure. J Small Anim Pract. 1980;21:609-20.
- Ford J, Mcendaffer L, Renshaw R, Molesan A, Kelly K. Parvovirus infection is associated with myocarditis and myocardial fibrosis in young dogs. Vet Pathol. 2017;54:964-71.
- Sime TA, Powell LL, Schildt JC, Olson EJ. Parvoviral myocarditis in a 5-week-old Dachshund. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2015;25(6):765-9.
- Alves F, Prata S, Nunes T, Gomes J, Aguiar S, Aires Da Silva F, et al. Canine parvovirus: a predicting canine model for sepsis. BMC Vet Res BioMed. 2020;16:1-11.
- Çağatay A, Başaran S, Saribuğa A. Sepsis: genel kavramlar ve epidemiyoloji. Turkiye Klin J Emerg Med-Special Top. 2015;3:1-10.
- Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Annane D, Bauer M, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315:801-10.
- Karaali R, Tabak F. Sepsis patogenezi. Klin Gelişim. 2009;22:71-6.
- Yorganci K. Sepsis patofizyolojisi. Yoğun Bakım Derg. 2005;5:80-4.
- Naseri A, Akyuz E, Turgut K, Guzelbektes H, Sen I. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy in animals: from experimental studies to echocardiography-based clinical research. Can Vet J. 2023;64:871-7.
- Kocatürk M, Tvarijonaviciute A, Martinezsubiela S, Tecles F, Eralp O, Yilmaz Z, et al. Inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers of disease severity in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2015;56:119-24.
- Otto CM. Clinical trials in spontaneous disease in dogs: a new paradigm for investigations of sepsis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2007;17:359-67.
- Goggs R, Letendre J. Evaluation of the host cytokine response in dogs with sepsis and noninfectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2019;29:593-603.
- Lv X, Wang H. Pathophysiology of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Mil Med Res. 2016;3:1-9.
- Florence B, Nadia A, Jingling B. Septic cardiomyopathy: diagnosis and management. J Intensive Med. 2022;2:8-16.
- Antonucci E, Fiaccadori E, Donadello K, Taccone FS, Franchi F, Scolletta S. Myocardial depression in sepsis: from pathogenesis to clinical manifestations and treatment. J Crit Care. 2016;29:500-11.
- de Abreu CB, Muzzi RAL, de Oliveira LED, Schulien T, Coelho MR, Alves LA, et al. Systolic dysfunction by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Cardiol. 2021;34:93-104.
- Amzulescu MS, De Craene M, Langet H, Pasquet A, Vancraeynest D, Pouleur AC, et al. Myocardial strain imaging: review of general principles, validation, and sources of discrepancies. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;20:605-19.
- Shahul S, Gulati G, Hacker MR, Mahmood F, Canelli R, Nizamuddin J, et al. Detection of myocardial dysfunction in septic shock: a speckle-tracking echocardiography study. Anesth Analg. 2015;121:1547-54.
- Madron E. Global left ventricular systolic function assessment. In: Madron E, Chetboul V, Bussadori C, editors. Clinical echocardiography of the dog and cat. 1st ed. Riverport Lane: Elsevier; 2015. p. 112-24.
- Borlaug BA, Paulus WJ. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Eur Heart J. 2011;32:670-9.
- Hestenes SM, Halvorsen PS, Skulstad H, Remme EW, Espinoza A, Hyler S, et al. Advantages of strain echocardiography in assessment of myocardial function in severe sepsis: an experimental study. Crit Care Med. 2014;42:432-40.
- Kim YH, Kim JH, Park C. Evaluation of tissue doppler ultrasonographic and strain imaging for assessment of myocardial dysfunction in dogs with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Am J Vet Res. 2018;79:1035-43.
- İnce ME, Turgut K, Naseri A. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in dogs with severe sepsis and septic shock; longitudinal study. Animals. 2021;11:2011.
- Dalla K, Hallman C, Bech Hanssen O, Haney M, Ricksten SE. Strain echocardiography identifies impaired longitudinal systolic function in patients with septic shock and preserved ejection fraction. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2015;13:30.
- Basu S, Frank LH, Fenton KE, Sable CA, Levy RJ, Berger JT. Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging detects impaired myocardial performance in children with septic shock, not recognized by conventional echocardiography. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012;13:259-64.
- Nielsen EW, Hellerud BC, Thorgersen EB, Castellheim A, Pharo A, Lindstad J, et al. A new dynamic porcine model of meningococcal shock. Shock. 2009;32:302-9.
- Chetboul V, Serres F, Gouni V, Tissier R, Pouchelon JL. Radial strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography and the tissue velocity based technique in the dog. J Vet Cardiol. 2007;9:69-81.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Bilimleri (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 13 Haziran 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Haziran 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 27 Ocak 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 15 Nisan 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 96 Sayı: 2 |
Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi açık erişimli bir dergi olup, derginin yayın modeli Budapeşte Erişim Girişimi (BOAI) bildirisine dayanmaktadır. Yayınlanan tüm içerik, çevrimiçi ve ücretsiz olarak sunulan Creative Commons CC BY-NC 4.0 lisansı altında lisanslanmıştır. Yazarlar, Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi'nde yayınlanan eserlerinin telif haklarını saklı tutarlar.
Veteriner Hekimler Derneği / Turkish Veterinary Medical Society