A NEW CONCEPT IN E-GOVERNMENT STUDIES: CALAMITY-BASED INFORMATICS
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 45 - 61, 30.06.2025
Hasret Duman
,
Mete Yıldız
,
İzzet Özbilgin
Öz
Throughout history, human beings have faced various problems and have developed solutions to cope with the existing dangers and negativities. In this context, new technologies are developed and used in order to respond quickly and effectively to the damages, losses and problems caused directly or indirectly by many different crises such as war, epidemics, famine and climate change and to offer innovative solutions. As a current example, in the COVID-19 crisis, many technologies have been used to cope with the negative effects of the crisis. The aim of this study is to examine what role crises play in the widespread and diversification of technology use. For this purpose, the literature on the relationship between crises and technology was scanned and Prof. Dr. who developed the concept of ‘calamity-based informatics’. A semi-structured interview was conducted with İzzet Gökhan ÖZBİLGİN. Different dimensions of the concept in question were analyzed using the information collected through literature review and interview data.
Kaynakça
- Altunkaya, Ş. (2022). Siber güvenlik problemlerinin ulus-devlet üzerindeki etkisi: Stuxnet. https://acikerisim.isikun.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11729/5183/Siber_Guvenlik_Problemlerinin_Ulus-Devlet_Uzerindeki_Etkisi_Stuxnet.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y (02.01.2024).
- Archibugi, D., Filippetti, A. ve Frenz, M. (2013). Economic crisis and innovation: Is destruction prevailing over accumulation?. Research Policy. 42(2), 303-314.
- Bowyer, K. W. (2004). Face recognition technology: Security versus privacy. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine. 23(1), 9-19.
- Brem, A., Eric, V. ve Nylund, P. A. (2021). Implications of the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak for innovation: Which technologies will improve our lives?. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 163, 120451.
- Bukar, U., Fatimah, A. S., Marzanah, J., Nor, N. R., Salfarina, A., Iskandar, I., Mustafa, A. ve Alkhalifah, A. (2022). How advanced technological approaches are reshaping sustainable social media crisis management and communication: A systematic review. Sustainability. 14(10), 5854.
- Chesbrough, H. ve Brunswicker, S. (2014). A fad or a phenomenon? The adoption of open innovation practices in large firms. Research Technology Management. 57(2), s:16–25.
- CQ Researcher (2021). Reining in big tech. https://cqpress.sagepub.com/cqresearcher/report/reining-in-big-tech-cqresrre20210507?token=1f1bcd77-e112-4a97-b177-4c16086cbee236d9b47d3f4d0caee5c24d69c925edebf21f0344afacd6910b94e6ed0a730f73 (10.12.2023).
- Deloitte (2020). Yeni nesil teknolojilerin covıd-19 mücadelesindeki önemi – Ülke örnekleri. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/consulting/yeni-nesil-teknolojilerin-covid-19-mucadelesindeki-onemi.pdf (10.12.2023).
- Duman, H. (2023). Doğal afetler ve yerinden edilme: 6 Şubat depremleri. İnterdisipliner yaklaşımla Hatay’da afet deneyimi: 6 Şubat 2023 depremini tarihe not düşmek (1. Baskı s. 341-361) içinde. İstanbul: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Duman, H. ve Yıldız, M. (2023). Aşılama konulu kamu politikalarının karşılaştırmalı bir analizi. Hacettepe University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences. 41(1).
- Euronews (2020). Covid-19 ile birlikte robotların kullanımı yaygınlaştı; en çok hangi sektörlerde kullanılıyor? https://tr.euronews.com/2020/08/03/covid-19-ile-birlikte-robotlar-n-kullan-m-yayg-nlast-en-cok-hangi-sektorlerde-kullan-l-yor (29.12.2023)
- He, Y., Zhang, D. ve Fang, Y. (2017). Development of a mobile post-disaster management system using free and open source technologies. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 25, 101-110.
- Holat, O. (2021). Yeni medya ve siber savaş kavramları bağlamında stuxnet saldırısı örneğinin incelenmesi. Abant Kültürel Araştırmalar Dergisi. 6(11), 105-121.
- Izumi, T., Rajib, S., Riyanti, D., Mikio, I. ve Komino, T. (2019). Disaster risk reduction and innovations. Progress in Disaster Science. 2, 100033.
- Jayson S., Lu, J. X., Yuan, Y., Xu, G., Jia, J. ve Christakis, N. A. (2020). Population flow drives spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 in China. Nature. 582(7812), 389-394.
- Kumar, A., Gupta, P. K. ve Srivastava, A. (2020). A review of modern technologies for tackling COVID-19 pandemic. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 14(4), 569-573.
- Lee, S. ve Lee, D. (2021). Opportunities and challenges for contactless healthcare services in the post-COVID-19 era. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 167, 120712.
- Levi, M. ve Wall, D. S. (2004). Technologies, security, and privacy in the Post‐9/11 European information society. Journal Of Law and Society. 31(2), 194-220.
- Liu, Z., Shi, Y. ve Yang, B. (2022). Open innovation in times of crisis: An overview of the healthcare sector in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 8(1), 21.
- Lund‐Tønnesen, J. (2022). Regulating emerging technology in times of crisis: Digital contact tracing in Norway during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Law & Policy. 44(3), 278-298.
- Marek, L., Campbell, M. ve Bui, L. (2017). Shaking for innovation: The (re) building of a (smart) city in a post disaster environment. Cities. 63, 41-50.
- Markard, J., Raven, R. ve Truffer, B. (2012). Sustainability transitions: An emerging field of research and its prospects. Research Policy. 41(6), 955-967.
- Mbunge, E., Fashoto, A. B., Fashoto, S. G., Andile, M. ve Mashwama, P. (2021). A critical review of emerging technologies for tackling COVID‐19 pandemic. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies. 3(1), 25-39.
- Palen, L., Vieweg, S., Liu, S. B., & Hughes, A. L. (2009). Crisis informatics: Studying crisis in a networked world. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on E-Social Science, 7(1), 1–12.
- Pillmayer, M., Nicolai, S., ve Volchek, K. (2021). Destination management in times of crisis-potentials of open innovation approach in the context of COVID-19?. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2021: 19–22, s. 517-529.
- Rotolo, D., Hicks D. ve Martin, B. R. (2015). What is an emerging technology?. Research Policy. 44(10), 1827-1843.
- Schlosser, P. G., Chung, T. R. ve Grover, G. (2023). How changing needs change technological practices during a crisis: An explanation using practice theory. Computers in Human Behavior. 146, 107799.
- Singh, R. P., Mohd, J., Abid, H. ve Suman, R. (2020). Internet of things (IoT) applications to fight against COVID-19 pandemic. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 14(4), 521-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.041
- TDK (2023). Türk Dil Kurumu Sözcükleri. https://sozluk.gov.tr/ (28.02.2024).
- TÜİK (2023). Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri (BT) Kullanım Araştırması, 2023. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-(BT)-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2023-49407#:~:text=%C4%B0nternet%20kullanan%20bireylerin%20oran%C4%B1%20%87%2C1%20oldu&text=Cinsiyet%20ayr%C4%B1m%C4%B1nda%202023%20y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda%20%C4%B0nternet,%83%2C3%20olarak%20g%C3%B6zlendi. (17.02.2024).
- Yıldız, M. (2020). Yeni Teknoloji ve İş Yapış Biçimlerinin Kamu Politikalarına Etkisi: Genel Bir Çerçeve. Teknoloji ve Kamu Politikaları. (1 Baskı s. 1-8) içinde. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi
E-DEVLET ÇALIŞMALARINDA YENİ BİR KAVRAM: MUSİBET-TEMELLİ BİLİŞİM
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 45 - 61, 30.06.2025
Hasret Duman
,
Mete Yıldız
,
İzzet Özbilgin
Öz
İnsanoğlu tarih boyunca çeşitli sorunlar ile karşı karşıya kalmış, var olan tehlikeler ve olumsuzluklar ile baş edebilmek adına çözüm yolları geliştirmiştir. Bu çerçevede; savaş, salgın hastalık, kıtlık ve iklim değişikliği gibi birçok farklı krizin doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak neden olduğu zarar, kayıp ve sorunlara hızlı ve etkili bir şekilde müdahale edebilmek ve yenilikçi çözümler sunabilmek adına yeni teknolojiler geliştirilmekte ve kullanılmaktadır. Nitekim COVID-19 krizinde krizin olumsuz etkileriyle başa çıkabilmek için birçok teknolojiden yararlanılmıştır. Bu nedenle çalışma krizlerin teknoloji gelişim ve yaygınlaşmasında nasıl bir rol oynadığı incelemiştir. Bu amaçla krizler ve teknoloji konulu literatür taranmış ve ‘musibet temelli bilişim’ kavramını geliştiren Prof. Dr. İzzet Gökhan ÖZBİLGİN ile yarı-yapılandırılmış bir mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatür taraması ve mülakat yoluyla toplanan bilgilerden yararlanarak söz konusu kavramın farklı boyutları analiz edilmiştir.
Kaynakça
- Altunkaya, Ş. (2022). Siber güvenlik problemlerinin ulus-devlet üzerindeki etkisi: Stuxnet. https://acikerisim.isikun.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11729/5183/Siber_Guvenlik_Problemlerinin_Ulus-Devlet_Uzerindeki_Etkisi_Stuxnet.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y (02.01.2024).
- Archibugi, D., Filippetti, A. ve Frenz, M. (2013). Economic crisis and innovation: Is destruction prevailing over accumulation?. Research Policy. 42(2), 303-314.
- Bowyer, K. W. (2004). Face recognition technology: Security versus privacy. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine. 23(1), 9-19.
- Brem, A., Eric, V. ve Nylund, P. A. (2021). Implications of the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak for innovation: Which technologies will improve our lives?. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 163, 120451.
- Bukar, U., Fatimah, A. S., Marzanah, J., Nor, N. R., Salfarina, A., Iskandar, I., Mustafa, A. ve Alkhalifah, A. (2022). How advanced technological approaches are reshaping sustainable social media crisis management and communication: A systematic review. Sustainability. 14(10), 5854.
- Chesbrough, H. ve Brunswicker, S. (2014). A fad or a phenomenon? The adoption of open innovation practices in large firms. Research Technology Management. 57(2), s:16–25.
- CQ Researcher (2021). Reining in big tech. https://cqpress.sagepub.com/cqresearcher/report/reining-in-big-tech-cqresrre20210507?token=1f1bcd77-e112-4a97-b177-4c16086cbee236d9b47d3f4d0caee5c24d69c925edebf21f0344afacd6910b94e6ed0a730f73 (10.12.2023).
- Deloitte (2020). Yeni nesil teknolojilerin covıd-19 mücadelesindeki önemi – Ülke örnekleri. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/consulting/yeni-nesil-teknolojilerin-covid-19-mucadelesindeki-onemi.pdf (10.12.2023).
- Duman, H. (2023). Doğal afetler ve yerinden edilme: 6 Şubat depremleri. İnterdisipliner yaklaşımla Hatay’da afet deneyimi: 6 Şubat 2023 depremini tarihe not düşmek (1. Baskı s. 341-361) içinde. İstanbul: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Duman, H. ve Yıldız, M. (2023). Aşılama konulu kamu politikalarının karşılaştırmalı bir analizi. Hacettepe University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences. 41(1).
- Euronews (2020). Covid-19 ile birlikte robotların kullanımı yaygınlaştı; en çok hangi sektörlerde kullanılıyor? https://tr.euronews.com/2020/08/03/covid-19-ile-birlikte-robotlar-n-kullan-m-yayg-nlast-en-cok-hangi-sektorlerde-kullan-l-yor (29.12.2023)
- He, Y., Zhang, D. ve Fang, Y. (2017). Development of a mobile post-disaster management system using free and open source technologies. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 25, 101-110.
- Holat, O. (2021). Yeni medya ve siber savaş kavramları bağlamında stuxnet saldırısı örneğinin incelenmesi. Abant Kültürel Araştırmalar Dergisi. 6(11), 105-121.
- Izumi, T., Rajib, S., Riyanti, D., Mikio, I. ve Komino, T. (2019). Disaster risk reduction and innovations. Progress in Disaster Science. 2, 100033.
- Jayson S., Lu, J. X., Yuan, Y., Xu, G., Jia, J. ve Christakis, N. A. (2020). Population flow drives spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 in China. Nature. 582(7812), 389-394.
- Kumar, A., Gupta, P. K. ve Srivastava, A. (2020). A review of modern technologies for tackling COVID-19 pandemic. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 14(4), 569-573.
- Lee, S. ve Lee, D. (2021). Opportunities and challenges for contactless healthcare services in the post-COVID-19 era. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 167, 120712.
- Levi, M. ve Wall, D. S. (2004). Technologies, security, and privacy in the Post‐9/11 European information society. Journal Of Law and Society. 31(2), 194-220.
- Liu, Z., Shi, Y. ve Yang, B. (2022). Open innovation in times of crisis: An overview of the healthcare sector in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 8(1), 21.
- Lund‐Tønnesen, J. (2022). Regulating emerging technology in times of crisis: Digital contact tracing in Norway during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Law & Policy. 44(3), 278-298.
- Marek, L., Campbell, M. ve Bui, L. (2017). Shaking for innovation: The (re) building of a (smart) city in a post disaster environment. Cities. 63, 41-50.
- Markard, J., Raven, R. ve Truffer, B. (2012). Sustainability transitions: An emerging field of research and its prospects. Research Policy. 41(6), 955-967.
- Mbunge, E., Fashoto, A. B., Fashoto, S. G., Andile, M. ve Mashwama, P. (2021). A critical review of emerging technologies for tackling COVID‐19 pandemic. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies. 3(1), 25-39.
- Palen, L., Vieweg, S., Liu, S. B., & Hughes, A. L. (2009). Crisis informatics: Studying crisis in a networked world. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on E-Social Science, 7(1), 1–12.
- Pillmayer, M., Nicolai, S., ve Volchek, K. (2021). Destination management in times of crisis-potentials of open innovation approach in the context of COVID-19?. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2021: 19–22, s. 517-529.
- Rotolo, D., Hicks D. ve Martin, B. R. (2015). What is an emerging technology?. Research Policy. 44(10), 1827-1843.
- Schlosser, P. G., Chung, T. R. ve Grover, G. (2023). How changing needs change technological practices during a crisis: An explanation using practice theory. Computers in Human Behavior. 146, 107799.
- Singh, R. P., Mohd, J., Abid, H. ve Suman, R. (2020). Internet of things (IoT) applications to fight against COVID-19 pandemic. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 14(4), 521-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.041
- TDK (2023). Türk Dil Kurumu Sözcükleri. https://sozluk.gov.tr/ (28.02.2024).
- TÜİK (2023). Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri (BT) Kullanım Araştırması, 2023. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-(BT)-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2023-49407#:~:text=%C4%B0nternet%20kullanan%20bireylerin%20oran%C4%B1%20%87%2C1%20oldu&text=Cinsiyet%20ayr%C4%B1m%C4%B1nda%202023%20y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda%20%C4%B0nternet,%83%2C3%20olarak%20g%C3%B6zlendi. (17.02.2024).
- Yıldız, M. (2020). Yeni Teknoloji ve İş Yapış Biçimlerinin Kamu Politikalarına Etkisi: Genel Bir Çerçeve. Teknoloji ve Kamu Politikaları. (1 Baskı s. 1-8) içinde. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi