Research Article
Year 2025,
Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 57 - 68, 30.04.2025
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, pitlere ve fissürlere uygulanan bir infiltrantın (Icon, DMG) ve iki fissür örtücünün (Glass Carbomer, GCP Dental; F1-Teethmate, Kuraray) penetrasyon derinliğini ve mikrosızıntısını in vitro olarak değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Penetrasyon testi için, 90 adet insan azı dişi kullanıldı. Erişilebilir tüm gözenekleri işaretlemek için dişler 24 saat boyunca %0,1 TRITC' de bekletildi. Materyaller uygulanmadan önce %0,1 RITC ile işaretlendi. Her dişten dik kesitler alınarak konfokal mikroskopta incelendi (n=20). Maksimum penetrasyon derinliği (maxPD) ve lezyon derinliği (maxLD) ölçüldü ve maksimum penetrasyon yüzdesi hesaplandı (maxPDY).
Mikrosızıntı testi için, 30 adet molar diş kullanıldı (n=10). Dişler 24 saat bazik fuksin boyasında bekletildi. Dişlerden meziodistal yönde kesitler alınarak stereomikroskopta incelendi ve skorlandı (n=10). İstatistiksel analizde Kruskal-Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testleri kullanıldı (p=0,05).
Bulgular: Icon grubunun maxPD değerlerinin Glass Carbomer ve Teethmate F-1 gruplarına göre istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Glass Carbomer ve Teethmate F-1 gruplarının maxPD değerleri benzerdi (p>0,05). Glass Carbomer grubu ciddi mikrosızıntı değerleri ve içsel çatlaklar gösterdi. Icon ve Teethmate F-1 grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Icon ve Teethmate F-1 grupları istenen performansı göstermiştir. Glass Carbomer'in penetrasyon derinliği Teethmate F-1 grubuna benzer olsa da mikrosızıntısının fazla olması nedeniyle bu materyalin klinik performansı konusunda daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Supporting Institution
Selcuk University Scientific Research Project Unit
Project Number
14102031
Thanks
The authors thank to Uzm. Emine Yavuz for laboratory phase of the study.
References
- Featherstone JD, Doméjean S. Minimal intervention dentistry: part 1. From 'compulsive' restorative dentistry to rational therapeutic strategies. Br Dent J 2012;213(9):441-5.
- Simonsen RJ. Pit and fissure sealant: review of the literature. Pediatr Dent 2002;24(5):393-414.
- Koga H, Kameyama A, Matsukubo T, Hirai Y, Takaesu Y. Comparison of short-term in vitro fluoride release and recharge from four different types of pit-and-fissure sealants. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 2004;45(3):173-9.
- Aguilar FG, Drubi-Filho B, Casemiro LA, Watanabe MG, Pires-de-Souza FD. Retention and penetration of a conventional resin-based sealant and a photochromatic flowable composite resin placed on occlusal pits and fissures. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2007;25(4):169-73.
- Ahovuo-Saloranta A, Forss H, Walsh T, Hiiri A, Nordblad A, Mäkelä M. Sealants for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;3.
- Mejàre I, Lingström P, Petersson LG, Holm AK, Twetman S, Källestål C, Nordenram G, Lagerlöf F, Söder B, Norlund A, Axelsson S. Caries-preventive effect of fissure sealants: a systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand 2003;61(6):321-30.
- Paris S, Lausch J, Selje T, Dörfer CE, Meyer- Lueckel H. Comparison of sealant and infiltrant penetration into pit and fissure caries lesions in vitro. J Dent 2014;42(4):432-8.
- Griffin SO, Oong E, Kohn W, Vidakovic B, Gooch BF, CDC Dental Sealant Systematic Review Work Group. The effectiveness of sealants in managing caries lesions. J Dent Res 2008;87(2):169-74.
- Splieth CH, Ekstrand KR, Alkilzy M, Clarkson J, Meyer-Lueckel H, Martignon S, Paris S, Pitts NB, Ricketts DN, Van Loveren C. Sealants in dentistry: outcomes of the ORCA Saturday Afternoon Symposium 2007. Caries Res 2010;44(1):3-13.
- Paris S, Bitter K, Naumann M, Dörfer CE, Meyer-Lueckel H. Resin infiltration of proximal caries lesions differing in ICDAS codes. Eur J Oral Sci 2011;119(2):182-6.
- Pinkham JR, Casamassimo PS, Fields HW, McTigue DJ, Nowak AJ. Çocuk Diş Hekimliği: Bebeklikten Ergenliğe. Çeviren: Tortop T, Tulunoğlu Ö. 4. baskı. Ankara: Atlas Kitapçılık; 2009. s. 520-76.
- Beauchamp J, Caufield PW, Crall JJ, Donly K, Feigal R, Gooch B, Ismail A, Kohn W, Siegal M, Simonsen R. Evidence-based clinical recommendations for the use of pitand- fissure sealants: a report of the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139(3):257- 68.
- Hiltch G, Steier L, de Figueiredo JAP. Enhanced clinical decision-making and delivery of minimally invasive care using the ICCMS4D integrated with handsfree fluorescence-based loupes and a chemomechanical caries removal agent. Eur J Dent 2023;17(04):1356-62.
- Paris S, Bitter K, Renz H, Hopfenmüller W, Meyer-Lueckel H. Validation of two dual fluorescence techniques for confocal microscopic visualization of resin penetration into enamel caries lesions. Microsc Res Tech 2009;72(7):489-94.
- Pardi V, Sinhoreti MA, Pereira AC, Ambrosano GM, Meneghim MD. In vitro evaluation of microleakage of different materials used as pit-and-fissure sealants. Braz Dent J 2006;17:49-52.
- Moll K, Fritzenschaft A, Haller B. In vitro comparison of dentin bonding systems: effect of testing method and operator. Quintessence Int 2004;35(10).
- Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M, Vijay P, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Oper Dent 2003;28(3):215-35.
- Ng TC, Chu CH, Yu OY. A concise review of dental sealants in caries management. Front Oral Health 2023;4:1180405.
- Juntavee A, Juntavee N, Chaisuntitrakoon A, Millstein PL, Abedian B. Microleakage and penetration capability of various pit and fissure sealants upon different sealant application techniques. J Clin Exp Dent 2023;15(10):e810.
- Irinoda Y, Matsumura Y, Kito H, Nakano T, Toyama T, Nakagaki H, Tsuchiya T. Effect of sealant viscosity on the penetration of resin into etched human enamel. Oper Dent 2000;25(4):274-82.
- Borsatto MC, Corona SA, Dibb RG, Ramos RP, Pécora JD. Microleakage of a resin sealant after acid-etching, Er: YAG laser irradiation and air-abrasion of pits and fissures. J Clin Laser Med Surg 2001;19(2):83-7.
- Najjar RS, Alamoudi NM, El-Housseiny AA, Al Tuwirqi AA, Sabbagh HJ. A comparison of calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste and zinc oxide eugenol as root filling materials for pulpectomy in primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019;5(3):294-310.
- Watson TF. Fact and artefact in confocal microscopy. Adv Dent Res 1997;11(4):433- 41.
- Perdigao JO, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Microscopy investigations: techniques, results, limitations. Am J Dent 2000;13:3D18D.
- Duangthip D, Lussi A. Variables contributing to the quality of fissure sealants used by general dental practitioners. Oper Dent 2003;28(6):756-64.
- Duangthip D, Lussi A. Effects of application techniques and fissure types on the in vitro performance of two fissure sealants. Am J Dent 2004;17(2):137-42.
- Selecman JB, Owens BM, Johnson WW. Effect of preparation technique, fissure morphology, and material characteristics on the in vitro margin permeability and penetrability of pit and fissure sealants. Pediatr Dent 2007;29(4):308-14.
- Grewal N, Chopra R. The effect of fissure morphology and eruption time on penetration and adaptation of pit and fissure sealants: An SEM study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2008;26(2):59-63.
- F, Renda AM, Attal JP, Bouter D, Ruse D, Degrange M. In vitro evaluation of different techniques of enamel preparation for pit and fissure sealing. J Adhes Dent 2003;5(4).
- Meyer-Lueckel H, Chatzidakis A, Naumann M, Dörfer CE, Paris S. Influence of application time on penetration of an infiltrant into natural enamel caries. J Dent 2011;39(7):465-9.
- Paris S, Meyer-Lueckel H, Cölfen H, Kielbassa AM. Resin infiltration of artificial enamel caries lesions with experimental light curing resins. Dent Mater J 2007;26(4):582- 8.
- Paris S, Meyer-Lueckel H. Infiltrants inhibit progression of natural caries lesions in vitro. J Dent Res 2010;89(11):1276-80.
- Paris S, Soviero VM, Schuch M, Meyer- Lueckel H. Pretreatment of natural caries lesions affects penetration depth of infiltrants in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2013;17:2085-9.
- Desai H, Stewart CA, Finer Y. Minimally invasive therapies for the management of dental caries—A literature review. Dent J 2021;9(12):147.
- Hafez ME, Montaser MA, Elkhatib AA, El- Kholany NR. Effect of sonic oscillation on penetration and marginal adaptation of filledresin- based fissure sealants. Quintessence Int 2024;55(2):90-7.
- D Alpino PH, Pereira JC, Svizero NR, Rueggeberg FA, Pashley DH. Factors affecting use of fluorescent agents in identification of resin-based polymers. J Adhes Dent 2006;8(5):285.
- Nam SM, Ku HM, Lee ES, Kim BI. Detection of pit and fissure sealant microleakage using quantitative light-induced fluorescence technology: an in vitro study. Sci Rep 2024;14(1):9066.
- Prabhakar AR, Murthy SA, Sugandhan S. Comparative evaluation of the length of resin tags, viscosity and microleakage of pit and fissure sealants—an in vitro scanning electron microscope study. Contemp Clin Dent 2011;2(4):324-30.
- Silverstone LM, Hicks MJ, Featherstone MJ. Oral fluid contamination of etched enamel surfaces: an SEM study. J Am Dent Assoc 1985;110(3):329-32.
- Prabakar J, John J, Arumugham IM, Kumar RP, Sakthi DS. Comparative Evaluation of the Viscosity and Length of Resin Tags of Conventional and Hydrophilic Pit and Fissure Sealants on Permanent Molars: An In vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2018;9(3):388-94.
- Yli-Urpo H, Lassila LV, Närhi T, Vallittu PK. Compressive strength and surface characterization of glass ionomer cements modified by particles of bioactive glass. Dent Mater 2005;21(3):201-9.
- Vinay S, Shivanna V. Comparative evaluation of microleakage of fifth, sixth, and seventh generation dentin bonding agents: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent Endod 2010;13(3):136-40.
- Beresescu L, Stoica AM, Stepco E, Kovacs-Ivacson CA, Vlasa A, Benedek C, Beresescu GF. The Assessment of Resin- Based Composite Sealants’ Effectiveness in Arresting Non-Cavitated Dentin Carious Lesions (ICDAS 3): A 12 Month Follow-Up Preliminary Study. Medicina 2024;60(5):734.
Year 2025,
Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 57 - 68, 30.04.2025
Abstract
Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the penetration depth and microleakage of a resin infiltrant (Icon, DMG), and two fissure sealants (Glass Carbomer, GCP Dental; Teethmate F-1, Kuraray) applied onto pits and fissures in vitro.
Materials and Methods: 90 human molars were used for penetration test. Teeth stored in 0.1% TRITC for 24 hours to label all accessible pores. Materials were labeled with 0,1% RITC before applying. Pieces were obtained from each tooth perpendicularly and examined with a confocal microscope (n=20). Maximum depth of penetration (maxPD) and of lesion (maxLD) were measured, and the maximum percent penetration was calculated (maxPDY).
30 molars were used for microleakage test. Teeth were kept in basic fuchsin dye for 24 hours. Teeth were divided in the mesiodistal direction, pieces were examined with a stereomicroscope and scored (n=10). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for the statistical analysis (p=0.05).
Results: The maxPD values of the Icon group was statistically higher than the Glass Carbomer and the Teethmate F-1 groups (p<0.05). The maxPD values of Glass Carbomer and the Teethmate F-1 groups were similar (p>0.05). Glass Carbomer group showed severe microleakage values and internal cracks. There was no difference between Icon and Teethmate F-1 groups statistically (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Icon and Teethmate F-1 groups displayed favorable performance. Although the penetration depth of the Glass Carbomer is similar to Teethmate F-1 group, further research on the clinical performance of this material is needed due to its excess microleakage.
Ethical Statement
None of the authors of this article has any relationship, connection or financial interest in the subject matter or material discussed in the article.
Supporting Institution
Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Governing Unit
Project Number
14102031
Thanks
The authors thank to Uzm.Emine Yavuz for laboratory phase of the study.
References
- Featherstone JD, Doméjean S. Minimal intervention dentistry: part 1. From 'compulsive' restorative dentistry to rational therapeutic strategies. Br Dent J 2012;213(9):441-5.
- Simonsen RJ. Pit and fissure sealant: review of the literature. Pediatr Dent 2002;24(5):393-414.
- Koga H, Kameyama A, Matsukubo T, Hirai Y, Takaesu Y. Comparison of short-term in vitro fluoride release and recharge from four different types of pit-and-fissure sealants. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 2004;45(3):173-9.
- Aguilar FG, Drubi-Filho B, Casemiro LA, Watanabe MG, Pires-de-Souza FD. Retention and penetration of a conventional resin-based sealant and a photochromatic flowable composite resin placed on occlusal pits and fissures. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2007;25(4):169-73.
- Ahovuo-Saloranta A, Forss H, Walsh T, Hiiri A, Nordblad A, Mäkelä M. Sealants for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;3.
- Mejàre I, Lingström P, Petersson LG, Holm AK, Twetman S, Källestål C, Nordenram G, Lagerlöf F, Söder B, Norlund A, Axelsson S. Caries-preventive effect of fissure sealants: a systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand 2003;61(6):321-30.
- Paris S, Lausch J, Selje T, Dörfer CE, Meyer- Lueckel H. Comparison of sealant and infiltrant penetration into pit and fissure caries lesions in vitro. J Dent 2014;42(4):432-8.
- Griffin SO, Oong E, Kohn W, Vidakovic B, Gooch BF, CDC Dental Sealant Systematic Review Work Group. The effectiveness of sealants in managing caries lesions. J Dent Res 2008;87(2):169-74.
- Splieth CH, Ekstrand KR, Alkilzy M, Clarkson J, Meyer-Lueckel H, Martignon S, Paris S, Pitts NB, Ricketts DN, Van Loveren C. Sealants in dentistry: outcomes of the ORCA Saturday Afternoon Symposium 2007. Caries Res 2010;44(1):3-13.
- Paris S, Bitter K, Naumann M, Dörfer CE, Meyer-Lueckel H. Resin infiltration of proximal caries lesions differing in ICDAS codes. Eur J Oral Sci 2011;119(2):182-6.
- Pinkham JR, Casamassimo PS, Fields HW, McTigue DJ, Nowak AJ. Çocuk Diş Hekimliği: Bebeklikten Ergenliğe. Çeviren: Tortop T, Tulunoğlu Ö. 4. baskı. Ankara: Atlas Kitapçılık; 2009. s. 520-76.
- Beauchamp J, Caufield PW, Crall JJ, Donly K, Feigal R, Gooch B, Ismail A, Kohn W, Siegal M, Simonsen R. Evidence-based clinical recommendations for the use of pitand- fissure sealants: a report of the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139(3):257- 68.
- Hiltch G, Steier L, de Figueiredo JAP. Enhanced clinical decision-making and delivery of minimally invasive care using the ICCMS4D integrated with handsfree fluorescence-based loupes and a chemomechanical caries removal agent. Eur J Dent 2023;17(04):1356-62.
- Paris S, Bitter K, Renz H, Hopfenmüller W, Meyer-Lueckel H. Validation of two dual fluorescence techniques for confocal microscopic visualization of resin penetration into enamel caries lesions. Microsc Res Tech 2009;72(7):489-94.
- Pardi V, Sinhoreti MA, Pereira AC, Ambrosano GM, Meneghim MD. In vitro evaluation of microleakage of different materials used as pit-and-fissure sealants. Braz Dent J 2006;17:49-52.
- Moll K, Fritzenschaft A, Haller B. In vitro comparison of dentin bonding systems: effect of testing method and operator. Quintessence Int 2004;35(10).
- Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M, Vijay P, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Oper Dent 2003;28(3):215-35.
- Ng TC, Chu CH, Yu OY. A concise review of dental sealants in caries management. Front Oral Health 2023;4:1180405.
- Juntavee A, Juntavee N, Chaisuntitrakoon A, Millstein PL, Abedian B. Microleakage and penetration capability of various pit and fissure sealants upon different sealant application techniques. J Clin Exp Dent 2023;15(10):e810.
- Irinoda Y, Matsumura Y, Kito H, Nakano T, Toyama T, Nakagaki H, Tsuchiya T. Effect of sealant viscosity on the penetration of resin into etched human enamel. Oper Dent 2000;25(4):274-82.
- Borsatto MC, Corona SA, Dibb RG, Ramos RP, Pécora JD. Microleakage of a resin sealant after acid-etching, Er: YAG laser irradiation and air-abrasion of pits and fissures. J Clin Laser Med Surg 2001;19(2):83-7.
- Najjar RS, Alamoudi NM, El-Housseiny AA, Al Tuwirqi AA, Sabbagh HJ. A comparison of calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste and zinc oxide eugenol as root filling materials for pulpectomy in primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019;5(3):294-310.
- Watson TF. Fact and artefact in confocal microscopy. Adv Dent Res 1997;11(4):433- 41.
- Perdigao JO, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Microscopy investigations: techniques, results, limitations. Am J Dent 2000;13:3D18D.
- Duangthip D, Lussi A. Variables contributing to the quality of fissure sealants used by general dental practitioners. Oper Dent 2003;28(6):756-64.
- Duangthip D, Lussi A. Effects of application techniques and fissure types on the in vitro performance of two fissure sealants. Am J Dent 2004;17(2):137-42.
- Selecman JB, Owens BM, Johnson WW. Effect of preparation technique, fissure morphology, and material characteristics on the in vitro margin permeability and penetrability of pit and fissure sealants. Pediatr Dent 2007;29(4):308-14.
- Grewal N, Chopra R. The effect of fissure morphology and eruption time on penetration and adaptation of pit and fissure sealants: An SEM study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2008;26(2):59-63.
- F, Renda AM, Attal JP, Bouter D, Ruse D, Degrange M. In vitro evaluation of different techniques of enamel preparation for pit and fissure sealing. J Adhes Dent 2003;5(4).
- Meyer-Lueckel H, Chatzidakis A, Naumann M, Dörfer CE, Paris S. Influence of application time on penetration of an infiltrant into natural enamel caries. J Dent 2011;39(7):465-9.
- Paris S, Meyer-Lueckel H, Cölfen H, Kielbassa AM. Resin infiltration of artificial enamel caries lesions with experimental light curing resins. Dent Mater J 2007;26(4):582- 8.
- Paris S, Meyer-Lueckel H. Infiltrants inhibit progression of natural caries lesions in vitro. J Dent Res 2010;89(11):1276-80.
- Paris S, Soviero VM, Schuch M, Meyer- Lueckel H. Pretreatment of natural caries lesions affects penetration depth of infiltrants in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2013;17:2085-9.
- Desai H, Stewart CA, Finer Y. Minimally invasive therapies for the management of dental caries—A literature review. Dent J 2021;9(12):147.
- Hafez ME, Montaser MA, Elkhatib AA, El- Kholany NR. Effect of sonic oscillation on penetration and marginal adaptation of filledresin- based fissure sealants. Quintessence Int 2024;55(2):90-7.
- D Alpino PH, Pereira JC, Svizero NR, Rueggeberg FA, Pashley DH. Factors affecting use of fluorescent agents in identification of resin-based polymers. J Adhes Dent 2006;8(5):285.
- Nam SM, Ku HM, Lee ES, Kim BI. Detection of pit and fissure sealant microleakage using quantitative light-induced fluorescence technology: an in vitro study. Sci Rep 2024;14(1):9066.
- Prabhakar AR, Murthy SA, Sugandhan S. Comparative evaluation of the length of resin tags, viscosity and microleakage of pit and fissure sealants—an in vitro scanning electron microscope study. Contemp Clin Dent 2011;2(4):324-30.
- Silverstone LM, Hicks MJ, Featherstone MJ. Oral fluid contamination of etched enamel surfaces: an SEM study. J Am Dent Assoc 1985;110(3):329-32.
- Prabakar J, John J, Arumugham IM, Kumar RP, Sakthi DS. Comparative Evaluation of the Viscosity and Length of Resin Tags of Conventional and Hydrophilic Pit and Fissure Sealants on Permanent Molars: An In vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2018;9(3):388-94.
- Yli-Urpo H, Lassila LV, Närhi T, Vallittu PK. Compressive strength and surface characterization of glass ionomer cements modified by particles of bioactive glass. Dent Mater 2005;21(3):201-9.
- Vinay S, Shivanna V. Comparative evaluation of microleakage of fifth, sixth, and seventh generation dentin bonding agents: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent Endod 2010;13(3):136-40.
- Beresescu L, Stoica AM, Stepco E, Kovacs-Ivacson CA, Vlasa A, Benedek C, Beresescu GF. The Assessment of Resin- Based Composite Sealants’ Effectiveness in Arresting Non-Cavitated Dentin Carious Lesions (ICDAS 3): A 12 Month Follow-Up Preliminary Study. Medicina 2024;60(5):734.
There are 43 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Dental Materials and Equipment, Restorative Dentistry |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 14102031 |
| Publication Date | April 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | February 21, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | April 8, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 |
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