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An Investigation into The Utilization of a Biodiesel Fuel Blend Supplemented with Mn(NO3)2 Additives in a CI Engine

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 37 - 43

Tarhan Tan , Selman Aydın

Abstract

As it is known, due to the fact that petrol has a limited reserve, the search for renewable energy has an important place in all world states (by researchers). In this perspective, it was aimed to investigate the effect of a manganese standard solution for the improvement of combustion and other properties of biodiesel fuel. The experimental fuels had been created as follows: DF (diesel fuel), B25 (a blend of 25% biodiesel and 75% DF), and Mn100B25 (a blend of 25% biodiesel, 75% DF, and 100 ppm of Mn(NO3)2 additive). During the examination of the experimental fuels, the Mn100B25 fuel exhibited a decrease in density, viscosity, cetane index, and flash point compared to the B25 fuel. However, there was a slight improvement in the calorific value of the Mn100B25 fuel. The combustion and emission parameters were empirically investigated in a compression ignition (CI) engine operating at various load conditions and constant engine speeds. The analysis of the experimental data revealed that the Mn100B25 fuel exhibited the highest values for cylinder gas pressure, average gas pressure, and net heat release at the 6 bar bmep parameter. During analyzing the emission values, it emerged that the HC emissions of Mn100B25 fuel types exhibited 14.28% lower values compared to DF fuel under the 4 bar bmep conditions. At 4 bar bmep and 6 bar bmep, the CO emission values for DF and Mn100B25 fuels were the same; however, the emission value for B25 fuel was lower than that of the other two fuel types. As a result, it was observed that positive results were obtained by adding a mixture of biodiesel and manganese standard solution to the biodiesel fuel blend at a certain rate. As a result, it was observed that biodiesel and manganese standard solution blend can be used as an alternative fuel by adding to diesel fuel at certain ratios.

Keywords

Diesel engine Waste vegetable oils biodiesel Combustion Energy Mn(NO3)2 additive

References

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  • [2] Aydın, A., Kayri, İ., & Aydin, H. 2023. Electrical and thermal performance enhancement of a photovoltaic thermal hybrid system with a novel inner plate-finned collective cooling with different nanofluids, International Journal of Green Energy, 21 (3), 555-569.
  • [3] Cengiz, M., Kayri, İ., & Aydın, H. 2024. A collated overview on the evaporative cooling applications for photovoltaic modules. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 197, 114393.
  • [4] Kayri, İ. 2023. The effects of coolant mass flow rate and atmospheric indicators in a PV/T system with experimental and ANN’s models. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 36, 101189.
  • [5] Şener, Ramazan. 2022. Ducted Fuel Injection: Numerical Study of Soot Formation and Oxidation Using Detailed Soot Modeling Approach in a Compression Ignition Engine at Different Loads. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 44 (1):45.
  • [6] Erdoğan, S., Balki M. K., Aydın S., Sayın C. 2020. Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteristic Assessment of Biodiesels Derived from Beef Bone Marrow in a Diesel Generator. Energy 207, 118300.
  • [7] Yaşar, F. 2020, Comparision of Fuel Properties of Biodiesel Fuels Produced from Different Oils to Determine the Most Suitable Feedstock Type. Fuel, 264:116817.
  • [8] Sundus, F., Fazal, M. A., Masjuki, H. H., 2017. Tribology with biodiesel, a study on enhancing biodiesel stability and its fuel properties, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70, 399-412.
  • [9] Çılğın, E. 2024. Investigation of the effects of single and double-walled carbon nanotube utilization on diesel engine combustion, emissions, and performance. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 57, 104282.
  • [10] Deviren, H., Çılgın, E., & Aydin, S. 2023. Study on using nano magnesium oxide (MNMgO) nanoparticles as fuel additives in terebinth oil biodiesel blends in a research diesel engine. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 45(4):12181-12200.
  • [11] Aydın, S. 2020. Detailed evaluation of combustion, performance and emissions of ethyl proxitol and methyl proxitol-safflower biodiesel blends in a power generator diesel engine Fuel, 270 (2020), p. 117492.
  • [12] Keskin, A., Gürü, M., Altıparmak, D., 2007, Biodiesel production from tall oil with synthesized Mn and Ni based additives: Effects of the Additives on Fuel Consumption and Emissions, Fuel, 86(7–8): 1139-1143.
  • [13] Çelikten, İ. ve Gürü, M., 2011. Petrodizel ve kanola biyodizeli performans ve emisyon kriterlerinin mangan esaslı katkı maddeleriyle geliştirilmesi, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi Cilt: 26, No: 3, 643-648.
  • [14] Behcet R., Aydin S., Ilkilic C., 2011. Production of biodiesel from safflower oil. Energy Education Science & Technology, Part A: Energy Science and Research, 27(2):295-300.
  • [15] Yağız, S., 2019. Investigation of the possibilities of using cotton oil and waste cotton oil biodiesel as fuel in a diesel engine generator, Master's Thesis, Batman University Institute of Science and Technology, Batman.
  • [16] Heywood, J., 1988. Internal combustion engine fundamentals, Macgraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
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  • [18] Aksoy, F. and Yılmaz, E., 2019. Investigation of combustion and performance characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine operating with 10% fish oil biodiesel - 90% diesel fuel blend, Gazi University Journal of Science and Technology, GU J Sci, Part C, 7(1): 12-24.
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  • [20] Beyaz, M, Aydın S., Şener R., and Sayin C. 2023. Effects of Ethyl Proxitol (1-Ethoxy-2-Propanol) Additive on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Blends. Biofuels, 14:8, 817-824.
  • [21] Seraç, M. R., Aydın, S., Sayın C. 2020. Comprehensive evaluation of performance, combustion, and emissions of soybean biodiesel blends and diesel fuel in a power generator diesel engine, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 42:18, 2316-2331.
  • [22] Şahin, S., 2021. Determination of the effects of some additives added to diesel and safflower biodiesel blends on fuel properties, engine performance and emission values, PhD Thesis, Selçuk University Institute of Science and Technology, Konya, 124-137.
  • [23] Öztürk, E. Y., Altınkurt, D. M., Türkcan, A., 2020. Experimental investigation of combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using diesel-biodiesel-isobutanol triple blends, Journal of Fuels, Fire and Combustion in Engineering, 8, 56-66.
  • [24] Aydın, S. 2020. Comprehensive analysis of combustion, performance and emissions of power generator diesel engine fueled with different source of biodiesel blends. Energy 205:118074.

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 37 - 43

Tarhan Tan , Selman Aydın

Abstract

References

  • [1] Keskin, A. 2005. Tall oil based biodiesel and fuel additive production and their effects on diesel engine performance, PhD Thesis, Gazi University Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara.
  • [2] Aydın, A., Kayri, İ., & Aydin, H. 2023. Electrical and thermal performance enhancement of a photovoltaic thermal hybrid system with a novel inner plate-finned collective cooling with different nanofluids, International Journal of Green Energy, 21 (3), 555-569.
  • [3] Cengiz, M., Kayri, İ., & Aydın, H. 2024. A collated overview on the evaporative cooling applications for photovoltaic modules. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 197, 114393.
  • [4] Kayri, İ. 2023. The effects of coolant mass flow rate and atmospheric indicators in a PV/T system with experimental and ANN’s models. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 36, 101189.
  • [5] Şener, Ramazan. 2022. Ducted Fuel Injection: Numerical Study of Soot Formation and Oxidation Using Detailed Soot Modeling Approach in a Compression Ignition Engine at Different Loads. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 44 (1):45.
  • [6] Erdoğan, S., Balki M. K., Aydın S., Sayın C. 2020. Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteristic Assessment of Biodiesels Derived from Beef Bone Marrow in a Diesel Generator. Energy 207, 118300.
  • [7] Yaşar, F. 2020, Comparision of Fuel Properties of Biodiesel Fuels Produced from Different Oils to Determine the Most Suitable Feedstock Type. Fuel, 264:116817.
  • [8] Sundus, F., Fazal, M. A., Masjuki, H. H., 2017. Tribology with biodiesel, a study on enhancing biodiesel stability and its fuel properties, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70, 399-412.
  • [9] Çılğın, E. 2024. Investigation of the effects of single and double-walled carbon nanotube utilization on diesel engine combustion, emissions, and performance. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 57, 104282.
  • [10] Deviren, H., Çılgın, E., & Aydin, S. 2023. Study on using nano magnesium oxide (MNMgO) nanoparticles as fuel additives in terebinth oil biodiesel blends in a research diesel engine. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 45(4):12181-12200.
  • [11] Aydın, S. 2020. Detailed evaluation of combustion, performance and emissions of ethyl proxitol and methyl proxitol-safflower biodiesel blends in a power generator diesel engine Fuel, 270 (2020), p. 117492.
  • [12] Keskin, A., Gürü, M., Altıparmak, D., 2007, Biodiesel production from tall oil with synthesized Mn and Ni based additives: Effects of the Additives on Fuel Consumption and Emissions, Fuel, 86(7–8): 1139-1143.
  • [13] Çelikten, İ. ve Gürü, M., 2011. Petrodizel ve kanola biyodizeli performans ve emisyon kriterlerinin mangan esaslı katkı maddeleriyle geliştirilmesi, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi Cilt: 26, No: 3, 643-648.
  • [14] Behcet R., Aydin S., Ilkilic C., 2011. Production of biodiesel from safflower oil. Energy Education Science & Technology, Part A: Energy Science and Research, 27(2):295-300.
  • [15] Yağız, S., 2019. Investigation of the possibilities of using cotton oil and waste cotton oil biodiesel as fuel in a diesel engine generator, Master's Thesis, Batman University Institute of Science and Technology, Batman.
  • [16] Heywood, J., 1988. Internal combustion engine fundamentals, Macgraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
  • [17] Safgönül, B., Ergeneman, M., Arslan, E., Soruşbay, C., 2008, Internal combustion engines, Birsen publishing house, Istanbul.
  • [18] Aksoy, F. and Yılmaz, E., 2019. Investigation of combustion and performance characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine operating with 10% fish oil biodiesel - 90% diesel fuel blend, Gazi University Journal of Science and Technology, GU J Sci, Part C, 7(1): 12-24.
  • [19] Ergeneman, M., Mutlu, M., Kutlar, O. A., Arslan, H., 1997. Exhaust pollutants from vehicles, Birsen Publishing House, Istanbul, 4-15.
  • [20] Beyaz, M, Aydın S., Şener R., and Sayin C. 2023. Effects of Ethyl Proxitol (1-Ethoxy-2-Propanol) Additive on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Blends. Biofuels, 14:8, 817-824.
  • [21] Seraç, M. R., Aydın, S., Sayın C. 2020. Comprehensive evaluation of performance, combustion, and emissions of soybean biodiesel blends and diesel fuel in a power generator diesel engine, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 42:18, 2316-2331.
  • [22] Şahin, S., 2021. Determination of the effects of some additives added to diesel and safflower biodiesel blends on fuel properties, engine performance and emission values, PhD Thesis, Selçuk University Institute of Science and Technology, Konya, 124-137.
  • [23] Öztürk, E. Y., Altınkurt, D. M., Türkcan, A., 2020. Experimental investigation of combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using diesel-biodiesel-isobutanol triple blends, Journal of Fuels, Fire and Combustion in Engineering, 8, 56-66.
  • [24] Aydın, S. 2020. Comprehensive analysis of combustion, performance and emissions of power generator diesel engine fueled with different source of biodiesel blends. Energy 205:118074.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tarhan Tan 0000-0003-4562-1014

Selman Aydın 0000-0001-9685-9853

Early Pub Date July 1, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date May 30, 2024
Acceptance Date January 7, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tan, T., & Aydın, S. (2025). An Investigation into The Utilization of a Biodiesel Fuel Blend Supplemented with Mn(NO3)2 Additives in a CI Engine. European Journal of Technique (EJT), 15(1), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1491374
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