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SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ

Year 2017, Issue: 21, 117 - 134, 05.12.2017

Suhal Sağlan , Fatma Bağdatlı Çam

Abstract

Güney Karadeniz kıyı şeridinin merkezinde, Anadolu’nun en kuzey noktası olan Sinop Burnu üzerinde yer alan Sinope antik kenti (modern Sinop), bir Miletos kolonisi olarak kurulmuştur. Kentte, Arkaik Dönem’den itibaren kesintisiz olarak stel üretiminin varlığını, Sinop Arkeoloji Müzesinin zengin stel koleksiyonu açıkça göstermektedir. Ne yazık ki Sinope stelleri, Geç Arkaik ve Klasik Dönemlere tarihlenen erken örnekler dışında henüz yayınlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın konusunu, Sinop ve çevresinde bulunmuş, Hellenistik Dönem’e ait iki mezar steli oluşturmaktadır. Steller, korunabilen yazıtlarına göre, Sabeinos ve Straton(?) stelleri olarak adlandırılmıştır. Naiskoslu stel grubunda yer alan stellerin üzerinde “dexiosis” sahnesi yer almaktadır. Her iki stelde de iki figürlü kompozisyon tercih edilmiştir. Straton(?) Steli’nde, buna ilaveten, kadın figürünün yanında küçük boyutlu bir hizmetçi figürü de eklenmiştir. Stellerin sahne kısmındaki kompozisyonlar ve figürler incelendiğinde, işçilik ve stil özellikleri açısından, iki stelin aynı usta tarafından olmasa da yakın dönemlerde, aynı atölyede üretilmiş olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Sabeinos ve Straton(?) stelleri üzerinde, stil ve konu olarak her ne kadar Smyrna stellerinin etkisi yoğun olsa da, işçilik ve stil özellikleri açısından Byzantion stelleri ile daha yakın ilişkiler kurulabilir. Stilistik karşılaştırmalar ışığında, Sabeinos Steli’nin MÖ 2. yüzyılın ilk yarısında, Straton(?) Steli’nin de MÖ 2. yüzyıl ortalarından önce yapılmış olması gerekir.

Keywords

Sinop Sinop Müzesi Hellenistik Stel Mezar Steli Naiskos Dexiosis Karadeniz

References

  • AKURGAL, E. 1948. “Anadolu`da Geç Arkaik Yunan Eserleri”, III. Türk Tarih Kongresi. Ankara: 581- 586.
  • AKURGAL, E. 1955. Zwei Grabstelen vorklassischer Zeit aus Sinope, 111. BWPr. Berlin.
  • AKURGAL, E./ BUDDE, L. 1956. Vorläufiger Bericht über die Ausgrabungen in Sinope. Ankara.
  • AKURGAL, E. 1956. “Sinop Kazıları”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 6/1: 47-61.
  • AKURGAL, E. 1961. Die Kunst Anatoliens von Homer bis Alexander. Berlin.
  • ARSLAN, M. 2005. Arrianus’un Karadeniz Seyahati (Arriani Periplus Euxini). İstanbul.
  • AYKANAT, B. B. 2013. “Sinop’tan Bir Köpekli Mezar Steli”, 1. Uluslararası Karadeniz Kültür Kongresi/ 1st International Conference on the Black Sea Regional Culture, 6-9 Ekim 2011/ October 2011 Sinop/Türkiye, Bildiri Kitabı/Proceedings Book (Eds. N. Türker/G. Köroğlu/Ö. Deniz). Karabük: 99-104.
  • BOYSAL, Y. 1958. “Sinop’un En Eski Buluntuları ve Kolonizasyonu Hakkında”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 8/2: 23-29.
  • BUDDE, L. 1956. “Kurzer vorläufiger Bericht über die Grabungen in Sinope der Kampagnen 1951-1952”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 6/2: 5-10.
  • BUDDE, L. 1963. “Eine Tierkampfgruppe aus Sinope”, AntPl II. Berlin: 55-74.
  • CLAIRMONT, C. W. 1970. Gravestone and Epigram. Greek Memorials from the Archaic and Classical Period. Mainz.
  • CLAIRMONT, C. W. 1993. Classical Attic Tombstones. Kilchberg- Switzerland
  • CLOSTERMAN, W. E. 2007. “Family Ideology and Family History: The Function of Funerary Markers in Classical Attic Peribolos Tombs”, American Journal of Archaeology111/4: 633-652.
  • CREMER, M. 1995. “Die Dexiosis auf hellenistischen Grabstelen”, Studien zum antiken Kleinasien 3. Bonn: 1-7.
  • CUILLOUD, M. T. 1974. Exploration Archéologique de Délos. Paris.
  • DAVIES, G. 1985. “The Significance of the Handshake Motif in Classical Funerary Art”, American Journal of Archaeology 89/4: 627-640.
  • DONALDSON, J. W. 1860. “Chapter IV: The Sabello-Oscan Language”. Varronianus: A Critical and Historical Introduction to the Ethnography of Ancient Italy and the Philological Study of the Latin Language. London:126-163.
  • DOONAN, O. 2003. “Sinope”, Ancient Greek Colonies in the Black Sea, Vol. 1 (Eds . D. V. Grammenos/E. K. Petropoulos). Thessaloniki: 1379-1402.
  • DURUGÖNÜL, S. 1992a. “Grabstele der Nana aus Sinope”, AMS 8, Studien zum antiken Kleinasien II: 97-107.
  • DURUGÖNÜL, S. 1992b. “Zwei Grabstelen einer Familie aus Amisos (Samsusn)”, EA, Heft 19: 61-70.
  • ERZEN, A. 1956. “Sinop Kazısı 1953 Yılı Çalışmaları”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 6/1: 69-72.
  • FAIRBANKS, A. 1907. Athenian White Lekythoi I. New York.
  • FAIRBANKS, A. 1914. Athenian White Lekythoi II: New York.
  • FERNOUX, F. L. 1999. “Guerres, cités et mondes indigénes du Pont-Euxin et de la Propontide au Vᵉ et IVᵉ siécles av. J.-C.”, Pallas 51: 173-204.
  • FERRARIO, S. B. 2006. “Replaying Antigone: Changing Patterns of Public and Private Commemoration at Athens c. 440-350”, Helios 33: 79-118.
  • FIRATLI, N./ LOUIS, R. 1964. Les stéles funeraires de Byzance Gréco-Romaine. Paris.
  • FLASHAR, M. 1999. “Zur Datierung der Kultbildgruppe von Klaros (KlarosStudien I)”, Gedenkschrift für Andreas Linfert: hellenistische Gruppen. Mainz: 53-94.
  • FRENCH, D. 1994. “Sinopean Notes 4. Cults and Divinities: The Epigraphic Evidence”, EA 23: 99-108.
  • FRENCH, D. 2004. The Inscriptions of Sinope. Bonn.
  • GROSSMAN, J. B. 2001. Greek Funerary Sculpture. Catalogue of the Collections at the Getty Villa. Los Angeles.
  • HILLER, H. 1975. Ionische Grabreliefs der ersten Hälfte des 5. Jahrhunderts v. Chr., Istanbuler Mitteilungen, Beiheft 12.
  • HIMMELMANN, N. 1956. Studien zum İlissos-Relief. München.
  • HIMMELMANN, N. 1999. Attische Grabreliefs. Wiesbaden.
  • HIND, J. 1998. “Megarian Colonisation in the Western Half of The Black Sea” (Ed. G. R. Tsetskhladze). The Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area Historia Einzelschriften 121: 131152.
  • JOHANSEN, K. F. 1951. The Attic Grave-Reliefs of Classical Period. Copenhagen.
  • KARLSSON, S. 2014. Emotions Carved in Stone? A Study of Hellenistic Grave Stelai from Smyrna and Kyzikos (Dissertation in Classical Archaeology and Ancient History for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Submitted to University of Gothenburg). Gothenburg.
  • KÄNEL, R. 1989. “Drei hellenistische grabreliefs aus Smyrna in Basel”, Antike Kunst 32: 50-58.
  • KASSAB-TEZGÖR, D. 2010. Les fouilles et le matériel de l’atelier amphorique de Demirci prés de Sinope Varia Anatolica XXII.
  • KLÖCKNER, A. 2013. “Dienerinnen der Demeter? Zu einer Gruppe von Grabreliefs aus Smyrna”, in Cities and Priests (Eds. M. Horster/A. Klöckner). Berlin: 303-354.
  • KOESTER, H. 2012. History, Culture, and Religion of the Hellenistic Age, Introduction to the New Testament. Vol.1. New York.
  • LAFLI, E./ MEISCHNER J. 2015. “Eine frühklassische Stele aus Samsun/Amisos”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 65: 63-81.
  • LINFERT, A. 1976. Kunstzentren hellenistischer Zeit: Studien an weiblichen Gewandstatuen. Wiesbaden.
  • MANOLEDAKIS, M. 2010. “On the Cult of Sinope and the Founders of the City”, Ancient Sacral Monuments in the Black Sea (Eds. E. K. Petropoulos/A. A. Maslennikov). Thessaloniki: 563-576.
  • MACGREGOR, G. 1992. Images of Afterlife: Beliefs from Antiquity to Modern Times. New York.
  • ÖZGAN, R. 1982. “Zur Datierung des Artemisaltares in Magnesia am Mäander”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 32: 196-209.
  • ÖZGAN, R. 1999. Die Skulpturen von Stratonikeia, Asia Minor Studien. Band 32. Bonn.
  • ÖZGAN, R. 2009. “Grabreliefs des 5. Jhs. V. Chr. aus Sinope”, Der Schwarzmeerraum vom Äneolithikum bis in die Früheisenzeit [5000-500 v.Chr.], Band 1: Kommunikationsebenen zwischen Kaukasus und Karpaten. Internationale Fachtagung von Humboldtianern für Humboldtianer im HumboldtKolleg in Tiflis / Georgien [17.-20. Mai 2007]. Rahden/ Weste: 239- 252.
  • ÖZTEPE, E. 2004. “Yunan Heykeltraşlığında Kumaş Dokusuna Dair İzler ve Formlar”, I-II. Ulusal Arkeolojik Araştırmalar Sempozyumu, Anadolu/Anatolia Ek Dizi No.1. Ankara: 209-219.
  • ÖZTEPE, E. 2008. “Zu den Formen der Liegefalten und eingeritsten Linien in der griechischen Plastik”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 57: 251-270.
  • PEMBERTON, E. G. 1989. “The Dexiosis on Attic Gravestones”, MeditArch 2: 4550.
  • PETROVA, A. 2007. “Some Observations on the Production of the Gravestones in Mesembria During Hellenistic Period.” Jubileus VI. Сборник в чест на К. и Х. Шкорпил. София: 124-130.
  • PETROVA, A. 2015. Funerary Reliefs from the West Pontic Area (6th-1st Centuries BC). Leuven.
  • PFUHL, E./ MÖBIUS, H. 1977. Die ostgriechischen Grabreliefs I. Mainz am Rhein.
  • POSAMENTIR, R. 2011. Chersonesan Studies I. The Polychrome Grave Stelai from the Early Hellenistic Necropolis. Austin-Texas.
  • PRESHLENOV, H. 2003. “Mesembria”, Ancient Greek Colonies in the Black Sea”, Vol. 1 (Ed. D.V. Grammenos/E.K. Petropoulos). Thessaloniki: 157-208.
  • RICKS, S. D. 2006. “Dexiosis and Dextrarum Iunctio: The Sacred Handclasp in the Classical and Early Christian World”, FARMS Review Vol. 18. 1. Maxwell Institute. Provo, Utah: 431436.
  • RIDGWAY, B. S. 2000. Hellenistic Sculpture II. The Styles of ca. 200-100 BC. Wisconsin.
  • RIDGWAY, B. S. 2001. Hellenistic Sculpture I. The Styles of ca. 331-200 BC. Wisconsin.
  • ROBINSON, D. M. 1905. “Ancient Sinope: First Part”, The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 27/2: 125-153.
  • SCHMALTZ, B. 1983. Griechische Grabreliefs. Darmstadt.
  • SCHMALTZ, B. 1998. “Weiter- und Wiederverwendung klassischer Grabreliefs Attikas”, AM 113: 165-190.
  • SCHMIDT, S. 1991. Hellenistische Grabreliefs: Typologische und chronologische Beobachtungen. Wien-Köln.
  • SCHRAUDOLPH, E. 2007. “Beispiele hellenistischer Plastik der Zeit zwischen 190 und 160 v.Chr.”, Die Geschichte der antiken Bildhauerkunst. III, Hellenistische Plastik (Ed. P.C. Bol). Mainz: 189-240.
  • SEG 44. Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, (Eds. Henry W. Peket/Ronald S. Stroud/Johan H. M. Strubbe). 19951997. Vol. 44. Amsterdam.
  • SOLOMONIK, E. I. 1969. In Soobshcheniia Khersonesskogo muzeiia (Reports of the Chersonessos Museum) IV. Simferopol, Krym: 5577.
  • STEINER, D. 2003. Jenseitsreise und Unterwelt bei den Etruskern. Untersuchungen zur Ikonographie und Bedeutung, Quellen und Forschungen zur Antiken Welt, Band 42. München.
  • STUPPERICH, R. 1994. “The Iconography of Athenian State Burials in the Classical Period” , The Archaeology of Athens and Attica Under the Democracy. Oxbow Monograph 37 (Ed. W. Coulson). Oxford: 93-103.
  • TEMÜR, A. 2015. “Thoughts on a Grave Stele from the Classical Period in Samsun Museum”, Belleten LXXIX/286: 817- 826.
  • WAELKENS, M. 1986. Die Kleinasiatischen Türsteine: typologische und epigrapische Untersuchungen der kleinasiatischen Grabliefs mit Scheintür. Mainz am Rhein.
  • YAYLALI, A. 1979. Hellenistik Devir İzmir Kökenli Figürlü Mezar Stelleri (Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınlanmamış Doçentlik Tezi). Erzurum.

TWO HELLENISTIC GRAVE STELAE FROM SINOPE

Year 2017, Issue: 21, 117 - 134, 05.12.2017

Suhal Sağlan , Fatma Bağdatlı Çam

Abstract

Sinope ancient city (modern Sinop) was established as a Milesian colony on Sinop cape where is the northernmost point of Anatolia, in the center of South Black Sea coastal strip. Rich funerary stele collection of Sinop Archeological Museum manifests the existence of stele producing since Archaic Period uninterruptedly. Unfortunately, Sinope stelae have not been published as of yet except first samples dated in Late Archaic and Classical Periods. The subject of this study is about two funerary stelae which are found in Sinop and around and belong to Hellenistic Period. The stelae are called
as Sabeinos and Straton(?) based on their fencible inscriptions. There is “dexiosis” scene on both stelae which are both placed in the group of naiskos stelae. Figurative compositions were preferred for both steles. A small sized servant figure was additionally added nearby woman figure on Straton(?) Stele. When analyzing compositions and figures in scene part of stelae, understood that these two stelae were produced in the same atelier, in close periods even not by the same artist in terms of workmanship and style characteristics. There could be correlated closer with Byzantion stelae as style and subject much as the effect of Smyrna stelae are denser. In the light of stylistics comparisons, Sabeinos Stele must be made the first half of the second century BC, Straton(?) Stele must be done before in the midst of the second century BC

Keywords

Sinope Sinope Museum Hellenistic Stele Funerary Stele Naiskos Dexiosis Black Sea

References

  • AKURGAL, E. 1948. “Anadolu`da Geç Arkaik Yunan Eserleri”, III. Türk Tarih Kongresi. Ankara: 581- 586.
  • AKURGAL, E. 1955. Zwei Grabstelen vorklassischer Zeit aus Sinope, 111. BWPr. Berlin.
  • AKURGAL, E./ BUDDE, L. 1956. Vorläufiger Bericht über die Ausgrabungen in Sinope. Ankara.
  • AKURGAL, E. 1956. “Sinop Kazıları”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 6/1: 47-61.
  • AKURGAL, E. 1961. Die Kunst Anatoliens von Homer bis Alexander. Berlin.
  • ARSLAN, M. 2005. Arrianus’un Karadeniz Seyahati (Arriani Periplus Euxini). İstanbul.
  • AYKANAT, B. B. 2013. “Sinop’tan Bir Köpekli Mezar Steli”, 1. Uluslararası Karadeniz Kültür Kongresi/ 1st International Conference on the Black Sea Regional Culture, 6-9 Ekim 2011/ October 2011 Sinop/Türkiye, Bildiri Kitabı/Proceedings Book (Eds. N. Türker/G. Köroğlu/Ö. Deniz). Karabük: 99-104.
  • BOYSAL, Y. 1958. “Sinop’un En Eski Buluntuları ve Kolonizasyonu Hakkında”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 8/2: 23-29.
  • BUDDE, L. 1956. “Kurzer vorläufiger Bericht über die Grabungen in Sinope der Kampagnen 1951-1952”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 6/2: 5-10.
  • BUDDE, L. 1963. “Eine Tierkampfgruppe aus Sinope”, AntPl II. Berlin: 55-74.
  • CLAIRMONT, C. W. 1970. Gravestone and Epigram. Greek Memorials from the Archaic and Classical Period. Mainz.
  • CLAIRMONT, C. W. 1993. Classical Attic Tombstones. Kilchberg- Switzerland
  • CLOSTERMAN, W. E. 2007. “Family Ideology and Family History: The Function of Funerary Markers in Classical Attic Peribolos Tombs”, American Journal of Archaeology111/4: 633-652.
  • CREMER, M. 1995. “Die Dexiosis auf hellenistischen Grabstelen”, Studien zum antiken Kleinasien 3. Bonn: 1-7.
  • CUILLOUD, M. T. 1974. Exploration Archéologique de Délos. Paris.
  • DAVIES, G. 1985. “The Significance of the Handshake Motif in Classical Funerary Art”, American Journal of Archaeology 89/4: 627-640.
  • DONALDSON, J. W. 1860. “Chapter IV: The Sabello-Oscan Language”. Varronianus: A Critical and Historical Introduction to the Ethnography of Ancient Italy and the Philological Study of the Latin Language. London:126-163.
  • DOONAN, O. 2003. “Sinope”, Ancient Greek Colonies in the Black Sea, Vol. 1 (Eds . D. V. Grammenos/E. K. Petropoulos). Thessaloniki: 1379-1402.
  • DURUGÖNÜL, S. 1992a. “Grabstele der Nana aus Sinope”, AMS 8, Studien zum antiken Kleinasien II: 97-107.
  • DURUGÖNÜL, S. 1992b. “Zwei Grabstelen einer Familie aus Amisos (Samsusn)”, EA, Heft 19: 61-70.
  • ERZEN, A. 1956. “Sinop Kazısı 1953 Yılı Çalışmaları”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 6/1: 69-72.
  • FAIRBANKS, A. 1907. Athenian White Lekythoi I. New York.
  • FAIRBANKS, A. 1914. Athenian White Lekythoi II: New York.
  • FERNOUX, F. L. 1999. “Guerres, cités et mondes indigénes du Pont-Euxin et de la Propontide au Vᵉ et IVᵉ siécles av. J.-C.”, Pallas 51: 173-204.
  • FERRARIO, S. B. 2006. “Replaying Antigone: Changing Patterns of Public and Private Commemoration at Athens c. 440-350”, Helios 33: 79-118.
  • FIRATLI, N./ LOUIS, R. 1964. Les stéles funeraires de Byzance Gréco-Romaine. Paris.
  • FLASHAR, M. 1999. “Zur Datierung der Kultbildgruppe von Klaros (KlarosStudien I)”, Gedenkschrift für Andreas Linfert: hellenistische Gruppen. Mainz: 53-94.
  • FRENCH, D. 1994. “Sinopean Notes 4. Cults and Divinities: The Epigraphic Evidence”, EA 23: 99-108.
  • FRENCH, D. 2004. The Inscriptions of Sinope. Bonn.
  • GROSSMAN, J. B. 2001. Greek Funerary Sculpture. Catalogue of the Collections at the Getty Villa. Los Angeles.
  • HILLER, H. 1975. Ionische Grabreliefs der ersten Hälfte des 5. Jahrhunderts v. Chr., Istanbuler Mitteilungen, Beiheft 12.
  • HIMMELMANN, N. 1956. Studien zum İlissos-Relief. München.
  • HIMMELMANN, N. 1999. Attische Grabreliefs. Wiesbaden.
  • HIND, J. 1998. “Megarian Colonisation in the Western Half of The Black Sea” (Ed. G. R. Tsetskhladze). The Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area Historia Einzelschriften 121: 131152.
  • JOHANSEN, K. F. 1951. The Attic Grave-Reliefs of Classical Period. Copenhagen.
  • KARLSSON, S. 2014. Emotions Carved in Stone? A Study of Hellenistic Grave Stelai from Smyrna and Kyzikos (Dissertation in Classical Archaeology and Ancient History for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Submitted to University of Gothenburg). Gothenburg.
  • KÄNEL, R. 1989. “Drei hellenistische grabreliefs aus Smyrna in Basel”, Antike Kunst 32: 50-58.
  • KASSAB-TEZGÖR, D. 2010. Les fouilles et le matériel de l’atelier amphorique de Demirci prés de Sinope Varia Anatolica XXII.
  • KLÖCKNER, A. 2013. “Dienerinnen der Demeter? Zu einer Gruppe von Grabreliefs aus Smyrna”, in Cities and Priests (Eds. M. Horster/A. Klöckner). Berlin: 303-354.
  • KOESTER, H. 2012. History, Culture, and Religion of the Hellenistic Age, Introduction to the New Testament. Vol.1. New York.
  • LAFLI, E./ MEISCHNER J. 2015. “Eine frühklassische Stele aus Samsun/Amisos”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 65: 63-81.
  • LINFERT, A. 1976. Kunstzentren hellenistischer Zeit: Studien an weiblichen Gewandstatuen. Wiesbaden.
  • MANOLEDAKIS, M. 2010. “On the Cult of Sinope and the Founders of the City”, Ancient Sacral Monuments in the Black Sea (Eds. E. K. Petropoulos/A. A. Maslennikov). Thessaloniki: 563-576.
  • MACGREGOR, G. 1992. Images of Afterlife: Beliefs from Antiquity to Modern Times. New York.
  • ÖZGAN, R. 1982. “Zur Datierung des Artemisaltares in Magnesia am Mäander”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 32: 196-209.
  • ÖZGAN, R. 1999. Die Skulpturen von Stratonikeia, Asia Minor Studien. Band 32. Bonn.
  • ÖZGAN, R. 2009. “Grabreliefs des 5. Jhs. V. Chr. aus Sinope”, Der Schwarzmeerraum vom Äneolithikum bis in die Früheisenzeit [5000-500 v.Chr.], Band 1: Kommunikationsebenen zwischen Kaukasus und Karpaten. Internationale Fachtagung von Humboldtianern für Humboldtianer im HumboldtKolleg in Tiflis / Georgien [17.-20. Mai 2007]. Rahden/ Weste: 239- 252.
  • ÖZTEPE, E. 2004. “Yunan Heykeltraşlığında Kumaş Dokusuna Dair İzler ve Formlar”, I-II. Ulusal Arkeolojik Araştırmalar Sempozyumu, Anadolu/Anatolia Ek Dizi No.1. Ankara: 209-219.
  • ÖZTEPE, E. 2008. “Zu den Formen der Liegefalten und eingeritsten Linien in der griechischen Plastik”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 57: 251-270.
  • PEMBERTON, E. G. 1989. “The Dexiosis on Attic Gravestones”, MeditArch 2: 4550.
  • PETROVA, A. 2007. “Some Observations on the Production of the Gravestones in Mesembria During Hellenistic Period.” Jubileus VI. Сборник в чест на К. и Х. Шкорпил. София: 124-130.
  • PETROVA, A. 2015. Funerary Reliefs from the West Pontic Area (6th-1st Centuries BC). Leuven.
  • PFUHL, E./ MÖBIUS, H. 1977. Die ostgriechischen Grabreliefs I. Mainz am Rhein.
  • POSAMENTIR, R. 2011. Chersonesan Studies I. The Polychrome Grave Stelai from the Early Hellenistic Necropolis. Austin-Texas.
  • PRESHLENOV, H. 2003. “Mesembria”, Ancient Greek Colonies in the Black Sea”, Vol. 1 (Ed. D.V. Grammenos/E.K. Petropoulos). Thessaloniki: 157-208.
  • RICKS, S. D. 2006. “Dexiosis and Dextrarum Iunctio: The Sacred Handclasp in the Classical and Early Christian World”, FARMS Review Vol. 18. 1. Maxwell Institute. Provo, Utah: 431436.
  • RIDGWAY, B. S. 2000. Hellenistic Sculpture II. The Styles of ca. 200-100 BC. Wisconsin.
  • RIDGWAY, B. S. 2001. Hellenistic Sculpture I. The Styles of ca. 331-200 BC. Wisconsin.
  • ROBINSON, D. M. 1905. “Ancient Sinope: First Part”, The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 27/2: 125-153.
  • SCHMALTZ, B. 1983. Griechische Grabreliefs. Darmstadt.
  • SCHMALTZ, B. 1998. “Weiter- und Wiederverwendung klassischer Grabreliefs Attikas”, AM 113: 165-190.
  • SCHMIDT, S. 1991. Hellenistische Grabreliefs: Typologische und chronologische Beobachtungen. Wien-Köln.
  • SCHRAUDOLPH, E. 2007. “Beispiele hellenistischer Plastik der Zeit zwischen 190 und 160 v.Chr.”, Die Geschichte der antiken Bildhauerkunst. III, Hellenistische Plastik (Ed. P.C. Bol). Mainz: 189-240.
  • SEG 44. Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, (Eds. Henry W. Peket/Ronald S. Stroud/Johan H. M. Strubbe). 19951997. Vol. 44. Amsterdam.
  • SOLOMONIK, E. I. 1969. In Soobshcheniia Khersonesskogo muzeiia (Reports of the Chersonessos Museum) IV. Simferopol, Krym: 5577.
  • STEINER, D. 2003. Jenseitsreise und Unterwelt bei den Etruskern. Untersuchungen zur Ikonographie und Bedeutung, Quellen und Forschungen zur Antiken Welt, Band 42. München.
  • STUPPERICH, R. 1994. “The Iconography of Athenian State Burials in the Classical Period” , The Archaeology of Athens and Attica Under the Democracy. Oxbow Monograph 37 (Ed. W. Coulson). Oxford: 93-103.
  • TEMÜR, A. 2015. “Thoughts on a Grave Stele from the Classical Period in Samsun Museum”, Belleten LXXIX/286: 817- 826.
  • WAELKENS, M. 1986. Die Kleinasiatischen Türsteine: typologische und epigrapische Untersuchungen der kleinasiatischen Grabliefs mit Scheintür. Mainz am Rhein.
  • YAYLALI, A. 1979. Hellenistik Devir İzmir Kökenli Figürlü Mezar Stelleri (Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınlanmamış Doçentlik Tezi). Erzurum.
There are 70 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Greek and Roman Period Archeology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Suhal Sağlan

Fatma Bağdatlı Çam

Publication Date December 5, 2017
Submission Date June 23, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Issue: 21

Cite

APA Sağlan, S., & Bağdatlı Çam, F. (2017). SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi(21), 117-134. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.006
AMA Sağlan S, Bağdatlı Çam F. SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ. TÜBA-AR. December 2017;(21):117-134. doi:10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.006
Chicago Sağlan, Suhal, and Fatma Bağdatlı Çam. “SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, no. 21 (December 2017): 117-34. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.006.
EndNote Sağlan S, Bağdatlı Çam F (December 1, 2017) SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi 21 117–134.
IEEE S. Sağlan and F. Bağdatlı Çam, “SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ”, TÜBA-AR, no. 21, pp. 117–134, December 2017, doi: 10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.006.
ISNAD Sağlan, Suhal - Bağdatlı Çam, Fatma. “SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi 21 (December 2017), 117-134. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.006.
JAMA Sağlan S, Bağdatlı Çam F. SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ. TÜBA-AR. 2017;:117–134.
MLA Sağlan, Suhal and Fatma Bağdatlı Çam. “SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, no. 21, 2017, pp. 117-34, doi:10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.006.
Vancouver Sağlan S, Bağdatlı Çam F. SİNOPE’DEN HELLENİSTİK DÖNEME AİT İKİ MEZAR STELİ. TÜBA-AR. 2017(21):117-34.
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