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BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TÜRKİYE) BİZANS DÖNEMİ İSKELETLERİNİN ELEMENT ANALİZİ

Year 2017, Issue: 21, 147 - 161, 05.12.2017

Seda Karaöz Arıhan , Ali Akın Akyol , İsmail Özer , Okan Arıhan

Abstract

İskelet materyali paleoantropolojik çalışmaların temel materyalini oluşturur ve element analizinden elde edilen bilgilerle antik toplumların beslenme durumu hakkında ipuçları sağlar. Çalışma materyali Beybağ-Muğla (Türkiye) bölgesi nekropolünden 2008 yılındaki kazıda elde edilmiş Bizans dönemine ait iskeletleri içermektedir. 52 femur örneği (19 erkek, 18 kadın, 15 çocuk) ve 3 toprak örneği XRF spektroskopisi aracılığıyla araştırıldı. Bizans toplumunun beslenme durumunun iskelet element analizi yardımıyla ortaya konulabilmesi için kalsiyum, demir ve fosfor gibi makro elementlerin yanı sıra arsenik, baryum, kurşun, stronsiyum ve çinko da söz konusu çalışmada incelendi. Buna ek olarak femurun farklı kısımlarının örneklenmesinin bu topluma ait eser element analizindeki etkisini araştırmak da hedeflendi. Sonuçlar Kruskal-Wallis ve Tukey testleri ile değerlendirildi. Gruplar için stronsiyum değerleri toprak örneklerine göre anlamlı derecede
yüksek bulundu. Benzer şekilde grupların çinko ve fosfor değerleri de toprağa göre anlamlı derecede yüksek tespit edildi. Ancak baryum, demir ve iyot değerleri toprak örnekleri ile benzer bulundu ve biyogenetik bir kaynaktan çok diyagenetik olaylardan etkilenmiş olarak tespit edildi. Kemik materyalinin fosfor içeriği yüksekti ve Ca/P oranı muhtemelen diyageneze bağlı olarak literatürden yüksek bulundu. Log (Ba/Sr) oranı muhtemelen baryumun diyagenezden etkilenmesine bağlı olarak farklı bulundu. Bu iki oran bireyin beslenmesinin belirteçleri olarak kullanıldığı için muhtemel diyagenezin
güçlü etkisi Beybağ-Muğla toplumunun beslenmesi ve denizel/karasal gibi diyet tercihleri hakkında yargıya varmayı engellemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yüksek oranda anemi ve diğer paleopatolojik hastalıkları taşıyan bu toplumun kemik materyalinin element analiziyle değerlendirilmesi olduğu için bir malnütrisyon durumu beklenmekteydi. Ancak çinko ve fosforun literatüre göre yüksek düzeyde gözlenmesi diyette protein açısından bir eksikliğin olmadığını düşündürmektedir. Buna ek olarak düşük kurşun ve düşük arsenik değerleri bu toksik elementlerin Beybağ toplumunun fizyolojik durumuna olumsuz bir etkisi olmadığını düşündürmektedir. Bu bulgulara göre Beybağ toplumunun diyetinin omnivor limitler içinde olduğu ve belirgin bir beslenme bozukluğunun gözlenmediği yargısına varılabilir. Ancak incelenen materyallerin tümünde aneminin varlığı bu toplumda enfeksiyon hastalıklarını ve düşük hijyen koşullarını düşündürmektedir. Bu toplumun
beslenme durumunun ortaya konulabilmesi için diyagenetik süreçlerden daha az etkilenen gömü alanlarının ve gömü tiplerinin değerlendirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır

Keywords

İz Element Kemik Analizi Paleopatoloji Beslenme Bizans Dönemi

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ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS

Year 2017, Issue: 21, 147 - 161, 05.12.2017

Seda Karaöz Arıhan , Ali Akın Akyol , İsmail Özer , Okan Arıhan

Abstract

Skeletal material forms the basis of paleoanthropological studies and they are also valuable sources of information for the assessment of elemental analysis which may provide clues about nutritional status of ancient populations. Study material comprises skeletons from the necropolis of Beybağ-Muğla (Turkey) region belonging to Byzantine period and excavated during 2008 period. 52 femoral samples (19 men, 18 women, 15 children) and 3 soil samples were studied with the aid of XRF spectroscopy. Macro elements such as calcium, iron and phosphorus as well as trace elements such as arsenic, barium, lead, strontium and zinc were evaluated in order to figure out nutritional status of this Byzantine population with the help of skeletal elemental analysis. In addition it was also aimed to assess different parts of femoral bone within the study in order to determine the effect of sampling area in this population. Results were evaluated with Kruskal-Wallis and
Tukey tests. Strontium values for groups were found significantly higher than soil samples. Similarly zinc and phosphorus values for groups were also found significantly higher than soil. However barium, iron and iodine values were found similar to soil samples and affected by diagenetic rather than a biogenetic source. Phosphorus content of bone material was high and Ca/P rate was found lower than observed values in literature which is possibly due to diagenesis. Log (Ba/Sr) rate was altered because of possible diagenesis for Ba. Since those two ratios are used as indicators of nutrition of the individual, presence of potent diagenesis prevents conclusion on nutrition and diet choices such as marine/ terrestrial for Beybağ- Muğla population. Since aim of this study was to assess bone material of this high anemia and other paleopathological disease bearing population in elemental analysis a malnutritional situation was expected. However observation of high
zinc and phosphorus compared to literature suggests no lack of protein in diet. In addition low lead and low arsenic values suggest no adverse impact of those toxic elements on physiological state of Beybağ people. According to these findings diet of Beybağ population can be considered within omnivorous limits and without apparent insufficiency of nutrition. However presence of anemia in all of the sample material suggests infections diseases and low hygiene conditions in this population and needs further assessment on burial locations and burial types with less influence of diagenetic processes inorder to figure out nutritional status of this population.

Keywords

Trace Element Bone Analysis Paleopathology Nutrition Byzantine Period

References

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There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Palaeolithic Age Archeology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Seda Karaöz Arıhan

Ali Akın Akyol

İsmail Özer

Okan Arıhan

Publication Date December 5, 2017
Submission Date September 21, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2017 Issue: 21

Cite

APA Karaöz Arıhan, S., Akyol, A. A., Özer, İ., Arıhan, O. (2017). ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi(21), 147-161. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.008
AMA Karaöz Arıhan S, Akyol AA, Özer İ, Arıhan O. ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS. TÜBA-AR. December 2017;(21):147-161. doi:10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.008
Chicago Karaöz Arıhan, Seda, Ali Akın Akyol, İsmail Özer, and Okan Arıhan. “ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, no. 21 (December 2017): 147-61. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.008.
EndNote Karaöz Arıhan S, Akyol AA, Özer İ, Arıhan O (December 1, 2017) ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi 21 147–161.
IEEE S. Karaöz Arıhan, A. A. Akyol, İ. Özer, and O. Arıhan, “ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS”, TÜBA-AR, no. 21, pp. 147–161, December 2017, doi: 10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.008.
ISNAD Karaöz Arıhan, Seda et al. “ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi 21 (December 2017), 147-161. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.008.
JAMA Karaöz Arıhan S, Akyol AA, Özer İ, Arıhan O. ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS. TÜBA-AR. 2017;:147–161.
MLA Karaöz Arıhan, Seda et al. “ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS”. TÜBA-AR Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi, no. 21, 2017, pp. 147-61, doi:10.22520/tubaar.2017.21.008.
Vancouver Karaöz Arıhan S, Akyol AA, Özer İ, Arıhan O. ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEYBAĞ-MUĞLA (TURKEY) BYZANTINE SKELETONS. TÜBA-AR. 2017(21):147-61.
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