CAD-CAM ile Üretilen Sabit Geçici Restorasyonlarda Kullanılan PMMA Materyallerinin Optik ve Mekanik Özellikleri

Gülşah Kaya; Ferhan Egilmez

Review

CAD-CAM ile Üretilen Sabit Geçici Restorasyonlarda Kullanılan PMMA Materyallerinin Optik ve Mekanik Özellikleri

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 36 - 45, 26.06.2025

Gülşah Kaya Ferhan Egilmez

Abstract

Polimetil metakrilat (PMMA), düşük maliyeti, estetik özellikleri, işlenebilirliği biyouyumluluğu ve kolay nedeniyle diş hekimliğinde geçici restorasyonlar için sıklıkla tercih edilen bir materyaldir. Son yıllarda bilgisayar destekli tasarım ve üretim (CAD/CAM) teknolojilerinin gelişmesiyle birlikte, endüstriyel olarak üretilen PMMA bloklar daha homojen yapıda, yüksek polimerizasyon derecesine sahip ve iyileştirilmiş mekanik özelliklerle donatılmış şekilde sunulmaktadır. CAD/CAM Bu derleme çalışması, sistemleriyle üretilen PMMA materyallerinin optik ve mekanik özelliklerini detaylı biçimde incelemekte ve bu materyalleri geleneksel yöntemlerle hazırlanan PMMA restorasyonlarla karşılaştırmaktadır. Ayrıca, PMMA'nın diğer geçici restoratif materyallerle karşılaştırılması yapılarak avantajları ve sınırlılıkları çok yönlü olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu amaçla PubMed, Scopus ve Web of Science veri tabanlarında 1 Nisan 2025’e kadar yayınlanmış ilgili çalışmaları kapsayacak şekilde bir literatür taraması yapıldı. CAD/CAM ile üretilen sabit geçici restorasyonlarda kullanılan PMMA materyallerinin optik ve mekanik özelliklerini rapor eden çalışmalar analize dahil edildi. Literatürde CAD/CAM ile üretilen PMMA restorasyonların; kırılma direnci, renk stabilitesi, yüzey sertliği ve marjinal adaptasyon açısından üstün performans gösterdiği belirtilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, polimerizasyon büzülmesi ve uzun dönem yüzey aşınması gibi bazı olumsuz özelliklerin de varlığını sürdürdüğü vurgulanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, CAD/CAM teknolojileriyle desteklenen PMMA materyalleri, geçici restorasyon uygulamalarında hem estetik hem de fonksiyonel gereksinimleri karşılayan, klinik olarak başarılı bir alternatif sunmaktadır.

Keywords

PMMA, CAD/CAM, geçici restorasyon, mekanik özellikler, optik özellikler

References

1. Huettig F, Prutscher A, Goldammer C, Kreutzer CA, Weber H. First clinical experiences with CAD/CAM-fabricated PMMA-based fixed dental prostheses as long-term temporaries. Clinical oral investigations. 2016;20:161-8.
2. Al-Thobity AM. The impact of polymerization technique and glass-fiber reinforcement on the flexural properties of denture base resin material. European journal of dentistry. 2020;14(01):092-9.
3. Frazer RQ, Byron RT, Osborne PB, West KP. PMMA: an essential material in medicine and dentistry. Journal of long-term effects of medical implants. 2005;15(6).
4. Sakaguchi RL, Powers JM. Craig's Restorative Dental Materials-E-Book: Craig's Restorative Dental Materials-E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2011.
5. Zafar MS, Ahmed N. Nano-mechanical evaluation of dental hard tissues using indentation technique. World Appl Sci J. 2013;28(10):1393-9.
6. Christensen GJ. The fastest and best provisional restorations. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2003;134(5):637-9.
7. Anderson JN. Applied dental materials: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1961.
8. Shenoy A, Rajaraman V, Maiti S. Comparative analysis of various temporary computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing polymethyl methacrylate crown materials based on color stability, flexural strength, and surface roughness: An: in vitro: study. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research. 2022;13(Suppl 1):S130-S5.
9. Díez-Pascual AM. PMMA-Based Nanocomposites for Odontology Applications: A State-of-the-Art. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022;23(18):10288.
10. Burns DR, Beck DA, Nelson SK. A review of selected dental literature on contemporary provisional fixed prosthodontic treatment: report of the Committee on Research in Fixed Prosthodontics of the Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2003;90(5):474-97.
11. Orsi IA, Soares RG, Villabona CA, Panzeri H. Evaluation of the flexural strength and elastic modulus of resins used for temporary restorations reinforced with particulate glass fibre. Gerodontology. 2012;29(2):e63-e8.
12. Jeong KW, Kim SH. Influence of surface treatments and repair materials on the shear bond strength of CAD/CAM provisional restorations. The journal of advanced prosthodontics. 2019;11(2):95-104.
13. Shamseddine L, Mortada R, Rifai K, Chidiac JJ. Marginal and internal fit of pressed ceramic crowns made from conventional and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing wax patterns: An in vitro comparison. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2016;116(2):242-8.
14. Koch GK, Gallucci GO, Lee SJ. Accuracy in the digital workflow: From data acquisition to the digitally milled cast. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2016;115(6):749-54.
15. Diaz-Arnold AM, Dunne JT, Jones AH. Microhardness of provisional fixed prosthodontic materials. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1999;82(5):525-8.
16. Donovan T, Hurst R, Campagni W. Physical properties of acrylic resin polymerized by four different techniques. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1985;54(4):522-4.
17. Haselton DR, Diaz-Arnold AM, Vargas MA. Flexural strength of provisional crown and fixed partial denture resins. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2002;87(2):225-8.
18. Zidan S, Silikas N, Alhotan A, Haider J, Yates J. Investigating the mechanical properties of ZrO2-impregnated PMMA nanocomposite for denture-based applications. Materials. 2019;12(8):1344.
19. Ciocan LT, Ghitman J, Vasilescu VG, Iovu H. Mechanical properties of polymer-based blanks for machined dental restorations. Materials. 2021;14(23):7293.
20. Wechkunanukul N, Klomjit K, Kumtun T, Jaikumpun P, Kengtanyakich S, Katheng A. Comparison of Mechanical and Surface Properties between Conventional and CAD/CAM Provisional Restorations. European Journal of Dentistry. 2024.
21. Singh P, Shenoy A, Nallaswamy D, Maiti S. Comparative Evaluation of Microbial Adhesion on Provisional Crowns Fabricated With Milled Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) and Conventional Acrylic Resin: A Prospective Clinical Trial. Cureus. 2024;16(7).
22. Perea-Lowery L, Gibreel M, Vallittu PK, Lassila L. Characterization of the mechanical properties of CAD/CAM polymers for interim fixed restorations. Dental materials journal. 2020;39(2):319-25.
23. Ribera OK, Mendes JM, Mendes J, Barreiros P, Aroso C, Silva AS. Influence of popular beverages on the fracture resistance of implant-supported bis-acrylic resin provisional crowns: an in vitro study. Polymers. 2023;15(16):3411.
24. Selva-Otaolaurruchi EJ, Fernández-Estevan L, Solá-Ruiz MF, García-Sala-Bonmati F, Selva-Ribera I, Agustín-Panadero R. Graphene-doped polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a new restorative material in implant-prosthetics: In vitro analysis of resistance to mechanical fatigue. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(4):1269.
25. Jain S, Sayed ME, Shetty M, Alqahtani SM, Al Wadei MHD, Gupta SG, et al. Physical and mechanical properties of 3D-printed provisional crowns and fixed dental prosthesis resins compared to CAD/CAM milled and conventional provisional resins: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Polymers. 2022;14(13):2691.
26. Abad-Coronel C, Carrera E, Mena Córdova N, Fajardo JI, Aliaga P. Comparative analysis of fracture resistance between CAD/CAM materials for interim fixed prosthesis. Materials. 2021;14(24):7791.
27. Rosentritt M, Raab P, Hahnel S, Stöckle M, Preis V. In-vitro performance of CAD/CAM-fabricated implant-supported temporary crowns. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2017;21:2581-7.
28. Cakan U, Kara HB. Effect of liquid polishing materials on the stainability of bis-acryl interim restorative material in vitro. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2015;113(5):475-9.
29. Göncü Başaran E, Ayna E, Vallittu PK, Lassila LV. Load-bearing capacity of handmade and computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing-fabricated three-unit fixed dental prostheses of particulate filler composite. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 2011;69(3):144-50.
30. Kelly JR, Nishimura I, Campbell SD. Ceramics in dentistry: historical roots and current perspectives. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 1996;75(1):18-32.
31. Azzopardi N, Moharamzadeh K, Wood DJ, Martin N, van Noort R. Effect of resin matrix composition on the translucency of experimental dental composite resins. Dental Materials. 2009;25(12):1564-8.
32. Fasbinder DJ. Chairside CAD/CAM: an overview of restorative material options. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry (15488578). 2012;33(1).
33. Wu Z, Tian J, Wei D, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Di P. Effects of thickness and polishing treatment on the translucency and opalescence of six dental CAD-CAM monolithic restorative materials: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):579.
34. Gueth JF, Zuch T, Zwinge S, Engels J, Stimmelmayr M, Edelhoff D. Optical properties of manually and CAD/CAM-fabricated polymers. Dental materials journal. 2013;32(6):865-71.
35. Tieh MT, Waddell JN, Choi JJE. Optical properties and color stability of denture teeth—A systematic review. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2022;31(5):385-98.
36. Alp G, Johnston WM, Yilmaz B. Optical properties and surface roughness of prepolymerized poly (methyl methacrylate) denture base materials. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2019;121(2):347-52.
37. Rayyan MM, Aboushelib M, Sayed NM, Ibrahim A, Jimbo R. Comparison of interim restorations fabricated by CAD/CAM with those fabricated manually. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2015;114(3):414-9.
38. Al Rifaiy M. Evaluation of vertical marginal ad aptation of provisional crowns by digital microscope. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2017;20(12):1610-7.
39. Ruyter I, Nilner K, Möller B. Color stability of dental composite resin materials for crown and bridge veneers. Dental Materials. 1987;3(5):246-51.
40. Al‐Dwairi ZN, Tahboub KY, Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. A comparison of the flexural and impact strengths and flexural modulus of CAD/CAM and conventional heat‐cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Journal of Prosthodontics. 2020;29(4):341-9.
41. Bathala L, Majeti V, Rachuri N, Singh N, Gedela S. The role of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) in dentistry–a review. Journal of medicine and life. 2019;12(1):5.
42. Rosentritt M, Hahnel S, Engelhardt F, Behr M, Preis V. In vitro performance and fracture resistance of CAD/CAM-fabricated implant supported molar crowns. Clinical oral investigations. 2017;21:1213-9.
43. Papathanasiou I, Kamposiora P, Papavasiliou G, Ferrari M. The use of PEEK in digital prosthodontics: A narrative review. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20:1-11.
44. Abdullah AO, Tsitrou EA, Pollington S. Comparative in vitro evaluation of CAD/CAM vs conventional provisional crowns. Journal of applied oral science. 2016;24:258-63.

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 36 - 45, 26.06.2025

Gülşah Kaya Ferhan Egilmez

Abstract

References

1. Huettig F, Prutscher A, Goldammer C, Kreutzer CA, Weber H. First clinical experiences with CAD/CAM-fabricated PMMA-based fixed dental prostheses as long-term temporaries. Clinical oral investigations. 2016;20:161-8.
2. Al-Thobity AM. The impact of polymerization technique and glass-fiber reinforcement on the flexural properties of denture base resin material. European journal of dentistry. 2020;14(01):092-9.
3. Frazer RQ, Byron RT, Osborne PB, West KP. PMMA: an essential material in medicine and dentistry. Journal of long-term effects of medical implants. 2005;15(6).
4. Sakaguchi RL, Powers JM. Craig's Restorative Dental Materials-E-Book: Craig's Restorative Dental Materials-E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2011.
5. Zafar MS, Ahmed N. Nano-mechanical evaluation of dental hard tissues using indentation technique. World Appl Sci J. 2013;28(10):1393-9.
6. Christensen GJ. The fastest and best provisional restorations. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2003;134(5):637-9.
7. Anderson JN. Applied dental materials: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1961.
8. Shenoy A, Rajaraman V, Maiti S. Comparative analysis of various temporary computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing polymethyl methacrylate crown materials based on color stability, flexural strength, and surface roughness: An: in vitro: study. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research. 2022;13(Suppl 1):S130-S5.
9. Díez-Pascual AM. PMMA-Based Nanocomposites for Odontology Applications: A State-of-the-Art. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022;23(18):10288.
10. Burns DR, Beck DA, Nelson SK. A review of selected dental literature on contemporary provisional fixed prosthodontic treatment: report of the Committee on Research in Fixed Prosthodontics of the Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2003;90(5):474-97.
11. Orsi IA, Soares RG, Villabona CA, Panzeri H. Evaluation of the flexural strength and elastic modulus of resins used for temporary restorations reinforced with particulate glass fibre. Gerodontology. 2012;29(2):e63-e8.
12. Jeong KW, Kim SH. Influence of surface treatments and repair materials on the shear bond strength of CAD/CAM provisional restorations. The journal of advanced prosthodontics. 2019;11(2):95-104.
13. Shamseddine L, Mortada R, Rifai K, Chidiac JJ. Marginal and internal fit of pressed ceramic crowns made from conventional and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing wax patterns: An in vitro comparison. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2016;116(2):242-8.
14. Koch GK, Gallucci GO, Lee SJ. Accuracy in the digital workflow: From data acquisition to the digitally milled cast. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2016;115(6):749-54.
15. Diaz-Arnold AM, Dunne JT, Jones AH. Microhardness of provisional fixed prosthodontic materials. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1999;82(5):525-8.
16. Donovan T, Hurst R, Campagni W. Physical properties of acrylic resin polymerized by four different techniques. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1985;54(4):522-4.
17. Haselton DR, Diaz-Arnold AM, Vargas MA. Flexural strength of provisional crown and fixed partial denture resins. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2002;87(2):225-8.
18. Zidan S, Silikas N, Alhotan A, Haider J, Yates J. Investigating the mechanical properties of ZrO2-impregnated PMMA nanocomposite for denture-based applications. Materials. 2019;12(8):1344.
19. Ciocan LT, Ghitman J, Vasilescu VG, Iovu H. Mechanical properties of polymer-based blanks for machined dental restorations. Materials. 2021;14(23):7293.
20. Wechkunanukul N, Klomjit K, Kumtun T, Jaikumpun P, Kengtanyakich S, Katheng A. Comparison of Mechanical and Surface Properties between Conventional and CAD/CAM Provisional Restorations. European Journal of Dentistry. 2024.
21. Singh P, Shenoy A, Nallaswamy D, Maiti S. Comparative Evaluation of Microbial Adhesion on Provisional Crowns Fabricated With Milled Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) and Conventional Acrylic Resin: A Prospective Clinical Trial. Cureus. 2024;16(7).
22. Perea-Lowery L, Gibreel M, Vallittu PK, Lassila L. Characterization of the mechanical properties of CAD/CAM polymers for interim fixed restorations. Dental materials journal. 2020;39(2):319-25.
23. Ribera OK, Mendes JM, Mendes J, Barreiros P, Aroso C, Silva AS. Influence of popular beverages on the fracture resistance of implant-supported bis-acrylic resin provisional crowns: an in vitro study. Polymers. 2023;15(16):3411.
24. Selva-Otaolaurruchi EJ, Fernández-Estevan L, Solá-Ruiz MF, García-Sala-Bonmati F, Selva-Ribera I, Agustín-Panadero R. Graphene-doped polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a new restorative material in implant-prosthetics: In vitro analysis of resistance to mechanical fatigue. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(4):1269.
25. Jain S, Sayed ME, Shetty M, Alqahtani SM, Al Wadei MHD, Gupta SG, et al. Physical and mechanical properties of 3D-printed provisional crowns and fixed dental prosthesis resins compared to CAD/CAM milled and conventional provisional resins: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Polymers. 2022;14(13):2691.
26. Abad-Coronel C, Carrera E, Mena Córdova N, Fajardo JI, Aliaga P. Comparative analysis of fracture resistance between CAD/CAM materials for interim fixed prosthesis. Materials. 2021;14(24):7791.
27. Rosentritt M, Raab P, Hahnel S, Stöckle M, Preis V. In-vitro performance of CAD/CAM-fabricated implant-supported temporary crowns. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2017;21:2581-7.
28. Cakan U, Kara HB. Effect of liquid polishing materials on the stainability of bis-acryl interim restorative material in vitro. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2015;113(5):475-9.
29. Göncü Başaran E, Ayna E, Vallittu PK, Lassila LV. Load-bearing capacity of handmade and computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing-fabricated three-unit fixed dental prostheses of particulate filler composite. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 2011;69(3):144-50.
30. Kelly JR, Nishimura I, Campbell SD. Ceramics in dentistry: historical roots and current perspectives. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 1996;75(1):18-32.
31. Azzopardi N, Moharamzadeh K, Wood DJ, Martin N, van Noort R. Effect of resin matrix composition on the translucency of experimental dental composite resins. Dental Materials. 2009;25(12):1564-8.
32. Fasbinder DJ. Chairside CAD/CAM: an overview of restorative material options. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry (15488578). 2012;33(1).
33. Wu Z, Tian J, Wei D, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Di P. Effects of thickness and polishing treatment on the translucency and opalescence of six dental CAD-CAM monolithic restorative materials: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):579.
34. Gueth JF, Zuch T, Zwinge S, Engels J, Stimmelmayr M, Edelhoff D. Optical properties of manually and CAD/CAM-fabricated polymers. Dental materials journal. 2013;32(6):865-71.
35. Tieh MT, Waddell JN, Choi JJE. Optical properties and color stability of denture teeth—A systematic review. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2022;31(5):385-98.
36. Alp G, Johnston WM, Yilmaz B. Optical properties and surface roughness of prepolymerized poly (methyl methacrylate) denture base materials. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2019;121(2):347-52.
37. Rayyan MM, Aboushelib M, Sayed NM, Ibrahim A, Jimbo R. Comparison of interim restorations fabricated by CAD/CAM with those fabricated manually. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2015;114(3):414-9.
38. Al Rifaiy M. Evaluation of vertical marginal ad aptation of provisional crowns by digital microscope. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2017;20(12):1610-7.
39. Ruyter I, Nilner K, Möller B. Color stability of dental composite resin materials for crown and bridge veneers. Dental Materials. 1987;3(5):246-51.
40. Al‐Dwairi ZN, Tahboub KY, Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. A comparison of the flexural and impact strengths and flexural modulus of CAD/CAM and conventional heat‐cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Journal of Prosthodontics. 2020;29(4):341-9.
41. Bathala L, Majeti V, Rachuri N, Singh N, Gedela S. The role of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) in dentistry–a review. Journal of medicine and life. 2019;12(1):5.
42. Rosentritt M, Hahnel S, Engelhardt F, Behr M, Preis V. In vitro performance and fracture resistance of CAD/CAM-fabricated implant supported molar crowns. Clinical oral investigations. 2017;21:1213-9.
43. Papathanasiou I, Kamposiora P, Papavasiliou G, Ferrari M. The use of PEEK in digital prosthodontics: A narrative review. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20:1-11.
44. Abdullah AO, Tsitrou EA, Pollington S. Comparative in vitro evaluation of CAD/CAM vs conventional provisional crowns. Journal of applied oral science. 2016;24:258-63.

There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Prosthodontics
Journal Section	Review
Authors	Gülşah Kaya 0009-0000-0460-4045 Ferhan Egilmez 0000-0001-9325-8761
Publication Date	June 26, 2025
Submission Date	April 30, 2025
Acceptance Date	May 29, 2025
Published in Issue	Year 2025 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Kaya, G., & Egilmez, F. (2025). CAD-CAM ile Üretilen Sabit Geçici Restorasyonlarda Kullanılan PMMA Materyallerinin Optik ve Mekanik Özellikleri. Van Diş Hekimliği Dergisi, 6(1), 36-45.

Download Cover Image

Article Files

Full Text