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Investigating the relationship between teachers’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence and their artificial intelligence literacy

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4 - ICETOL 2024 Special Issue, 367 - 383, 31.12.2024

Semih Çayak

https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.1490307

Öz

This study aims to examine the relationship between teachers’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence and their artificial intelligence literacy levels. In the present study, “General Attitude Toward Artificial Intelligence Scale” and “Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale” were used. The study group consisted of 361 teachers working in public schools in Kartal, Pendik and Sultanbeyli districts of Istanbul province in Türkiye in the 2023-2024 academic year and selected by convenient sampling method. The findings obtained in this study showed that teachers' positive attitudes toward artificial intelligence were at a high level, while their negative attitudes were at a low level. The artificial intelligence literacy levels of the teachers were at a medium level. Teachers’ positive and negative attitudes toward artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence literacy levels did not show significant differences according to their gender, professional seniority and education level. However, teachers’ positive attitudes toward artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence literacy levels were significantly higher in teachers with graduate education than those with undergraduate education. Likewise, teachers' negative attitudes toward artificial intelligence were significantly higher in teachers with undergraduate education than those with graduate education. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was found that there was a positive, high-level and significant relationship between teachers' positive attitudes toward artificial intelligence and their artificial intelligence literacy. On the other hand, there was a negative, moderate and significant relationship between teachers' negative attitudes toward artificial intelligence and their artificial intelligence literacy. As a result of the findings obtained from this study, some suggestions for researchers and practitioners are presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence literacy Attitude toward artificial intelligence Teacher

Teşekkür

Sayın Editör, İCETOL 2024'te sunduğum bildirimi JETOL kongre özel sayısında değerlendirilmesi için sisteme yüklemiş bulunmaktayım, yardımlarınız için çok teşekkür ederim. Saygılarımla.

Kaynakça

  • Aassve, A., Sironi, M., & Bassi, V. (2013). Explaining attitudes towards demographic behaviour. European Sociological Review, 29(2), 316-333. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcr069
  • Aksu, F. N., & Durak, G. (2019). Robotics in education: Examining ınformation technology teachers' views. Journal of Education and E-Learning Research, 6(4), 162-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.509.2019.64.162.168
  • Bechtold, U., Stauder, N., & Fieder, M. (2024). Attitudes towards technology: Insights on rarely discussed ınfluences on older adults’ willingness to adopt active assisted living (AAL). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(5), 628. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph21050628
  • Bozkurt, A. (2023). ChatGPT, üretken yapay zeka ve algoritmik paradigma değişikliği. Alanyazın, 4(1), 63-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.59320/alanyazin.1283282
  • Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2023). Challenging the status quo and exploring the new boundaries in the age of algorithms: Reimagining the role of generative AI in distance education and online learning. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 18(21), i-viii. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7755273
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Cai, W. (2023). Innovation and path of teacher literacy in basic education in the era of artificial intelligence. Region - Educational Research and Review, 5(3), 55-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/rerr.v5i3.1294
  • Can, A. (2013). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi. Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Cantú-Ortiz, F. J., Galeano Sánchez, N., Garrido, L., Terashima-Marin, H., & Brena, R. F. (2020). An artificial intelligence educational strategy for the digital transformation. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 14, 1195-1209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-020-00702-8
  • Chen, L., Chen, P., & Lin, Z. (2020). Artificial intelligence in education: A review. Ieee Access, 8, 75264-75278. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2988510
  • Chounta, I. A., Bardone, E., Raudsep, A., & Pedaste, M. (2022). Exploring teachers’ perceptions of artificial intelligence as a tool to support their practice in Estonian K-12 education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 32(3), 725-755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40593-021-00243-5
  • Çelebi, C., Yılmaz, F., Demir, U., & Karakuş, F. (2023). Artificial intelligence literacy: An adaptation study. Instructional Technology and Lifelong Learning, 4(2), 291-306. https://doi.org/10.52911/itall.1401740
  • Çolak-Yazıcı, S. & Erkoç, M. (2023). Fen bilimleri grubu öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitim sürecinde yapay zekâ kullanma durumlarının analizi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (58), 2682-2704. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1316144
  • Dai, X. (2021, October 23-25). Investigation into the status of skills training of normal school students in the context of artificial ıntelligence. 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Manufacture, Manchester, United Kingdom. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3495018.3495484
  • Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 319-340. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/249008
  • Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35(8), 982-1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
  • Demir, F., & Özdaş, F. (2020). Covid-19 sürecindeki uzaktan eğitime ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerinin incelenmesi. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(1), 273-292. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.775620
  • Digital Transformation Office of the Presidency of Republic of Türkiye. (2021). National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2021-2025. https://cbddo.gov.tr/SharedFolderServer/Genel/File/TR-UlusalYZStratejisi2021-2025.pdf
  • Durak, G., & Cankaya, S. (2023). Metaverse technologies and applications in the future of online learning. In G. Durak & S. Çankaya (Eds.), Shaping the future of online learning: Education in the metaverse (pp. 1-16). IGI Global. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-6513-4
  • Dülger, E. D., & Gümüşeli, A. İ. (2023). Okul müdürleri ve öğretmenlerin eğitimde yapay zekâ kullanılmasına ilişkin görüşleri. ISPEC International Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 7(1), 133-153. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7766578
  • Ferikoğlu, D. (2021). An artificial intelligence awareness level scale for teachers: A reliability and validity study. (Publication No. 684964). [Master's thesis, Bahçeşehir University]. Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
  • George, D., & Mallery, M. (2003). Using SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. Allyn & Bacon.
  • Galindo-Domínguez, H., Delgado, N., Campo, L., & Losada, D. (2024). Relationship between teachers’ digital competence and attitudes towards artificial intelligence in education. International Journal of Educational Research, 126, 102381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2024.102381
  • Gravetter, J. F. & Forzano, L. B. (2012). Research methods for the behavioral sciences. Wadsworth Publishing.
  • Güneş, A. M., & Buluç, B. (2017). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin teknoloji kullanimlari ve öz yeterlilik inançlari arasindaki ilişkİ. TÜBAV Bilim Dergisi, 10(1), 94-113.
  • Güvenç, B. (1972). İnsan ve kültür: Antropolojiye giriş. Türk Sosyal Bilimler Derneği.
  • Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275-285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
  • Han, H. J., Kim, K. J., & Kwon, H. S. (2020). The analysis of elementary school teachers' perception of using artificial ıntelligence in education. Journal of Digital Convergence, 18(7), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2020.18.7.047
  • Iqbal, N., Ahmed, H., & Azhar, K. A. (2022). exploring teachers' attitudes towards using ChatGPT. Global Journal for Management and Administrative Sciences, 3(4), 97-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/gjmas.v3i4.163
  • İçöz, S., & İçöz, E. (2024). Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının yapay zekâ uygulamalarına yönelik farkındalık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Ulusal Eğitim Dergisi, 4(3), 987-1001. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10909458
  • Kamalov, F., Santandreu Calonge, D., & Gurrib, I. (2023). New era of artificial intelligence in education: Towards a sustainable multifaceted revolution. Sustainability, 15(16), 12451. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612451
  • Kandlhofer, M., Steinbauer, G., Hirschmugl-Gaisch, S., & Huber, P. (2016, October 12-15). Artificial intelligence and computer science in education: From kindergarten to university. 2016 IEEE frontiers in education conference (FIE), Eire, PA, USA. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2016.7757570
  • Kaplan-Rakowski, R., Grotewold, K., Hartwick, P., & Papin, K. (2023). Generative AI and teachers’ perspectives on its implementation in education. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 34(2), 313-338. https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/222363/
  • Karasar, N. (2023). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Kaya, F., Aydin, F., Schepman, A., Rodway, P., Yetişensoy, O., & Demir Kaya, M. (2024). The roles of personality traits, AI anxiety, and demographic factors in attitudes toward artificial intelligence. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 40(2), 497-514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2151730
  • Kebapçı, S. S. (2024). Higher education instructors’ artificial intelligence awareness and its effect on some demographics. (Publication No. 854569). [Master's thesis, Bahçeşehir University]. Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
  • Kelly, S., Kaye, S. A., & Oviedo-Trespalacios, O. (2023). What factors contribute to the acceptance of artificial intelligence? A systematic review. Telematics and Informatics, 77, 101925. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12172-y
  • Kim, S. W. (2023). Change in Attitude toward artificial intelligence through experiential learning in artificial intelligence education. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering & Information Technology, 13(5). http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.13.5.19039
  • Kim, SW., Lee, Y. (2024). Investigation into the influence of socio-cultural factors on attitudes toward artificial intelligence. Educ Inf Technol 29, 9907–9935. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12172-y
  • Kuleto, V., Ilić, M. P., Bucea-Manea-Țoniş, R., Ciocodeică, D. F., Mihălcescu, H., & Mindrescu, V. (2022). The attitudes of K–12 Schools’ teachers in Serbia towards the potential of artificial intelligence. Sustainability, 14(14), 8636. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148636
  • Lin, C.C., Huang, A.Y.Q. & Lu, O.H.T. (2023). Artificial intelligence in intelligent tutoring systems toward sustainable education: A systematic review. Smart Learn. Environ. 10(41). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00260-y
  • Liua, Y., Salehb, S., & Huang, J. (2021). Artificial intelligence in promoting teaching and learning transformation in schools. Artificial Intelligence, 15(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.53333/IJICC2013/15369
  • McGrath, C., Pargman, T. C., Juth, N., & Palmgren, P. J. (2023). University teachers' perceptions of responsibility and artificial intelligence in higher education-An experimental philosophical study. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4, 100139-1011147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100139
  • Pokrivcakova, S. (2023). Pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards artificial intelligence and its integration into EFL teaching and learning. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 11(3), 100-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2023-0031
  • Polak, S., Schiavo, G., & Zancanaro, M. (2022, April 29-May 5). Teachers’ perspective on artificial intelligence education: An initial investigation. CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New Orleans, LA, United States.
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Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4 - ICETOL 2024 Special Issue, 367 - 383, 31.12.2024

Semih Çayak

https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.1490307

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aassve, A., Sironi, M., & Bassi, V. (2013). Explaining attitudes towards demographic behaviour. European Sociological Review, 29(2), 316-333. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcr069
  • Aksu, F. N., & Durak, G. (2019). Robotics in education: Examining ınformation technology teachers' views. Journal of Education and E-Learning Research, 6(4), 162-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.509.2019.64.162.168
  • Bechtold, U., Stauder, N., & Fieder, M. (2024). Attitudes towards technology: Insights on rarely discussed ınfluences on older adults’ willingness to adopt active assisted living (AAL). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(5), 628. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph21050628
  • Bozkurt, A. (2023). ChatGPT, üretken yapay zeka ve algoritmik paradigma değişikliği. Alanyazın, 4(1), 63-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.59320/alanyazin.1283282
  • Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2023). Challenging the status quo and exploring the new boundaries in the age of algorithms: Reimagining the role of generative AI in distance education and online learning. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 18(21), i-viii. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7755273
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Cai, W. (2023). Innovation and path of teacher literacy in basic education in the era of artificial intelligence. Region - Educational Research and Review, 5(3), 55-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/rerr.v5i3.1294
  • Can, A. (2013). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi. Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Cantú-Ortiz, F. J., Galeano Sánchez, N., Garrido, L., Terashima-Marin, H., & Brena, R. F. (2020). An artificial intelligence educational strategy for the digital transformation. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 14, 1195-1209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-020-00702-8
  • Chen, L., Chen, P., & Lin, Z. (2020). Artificial intelligence in education: A review. Ieee Access, 8, 75264-75278. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2988510
  • Chounta, I. A., Bardone, E., Raudsep, A., & Pedaste, M. (2022). Exploring teachers’ perceptions of artificial intelligence as a tool to support their practice in Estonian K-12 education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 32(3), 725-755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40593-021-00243-5
  • Çelebi, C., Yılmaz, F., Demir, U., & Karakuş, F. (2023). Artificial intelligence literacy: An adaptation study. Instructional Technology and Lifelong Learning, 4(2), 291-306. https://doi.org/10.52911/itall.1401740
  • Çolak-Yazıcı, S. & Erkoç, M. (2023). Fen bilimleri grubu öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitim sürecinde yapay zekâ kullanma durumlarının analizi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (58), 2682-2704. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1316144
  • Dai, X. (2021, October 23-25). Investigation into the status of skills training of normal school students in the context of artificial ıntelligence. 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Manufacture, Manchester, United Kingdom. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3495018.3495484
  • Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 319-340. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/249008
  • Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35(8), 982-1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
  • Demir, F., & Özdaş, F. (2020). Covid-19 sürecindeki uzaktan eğitime ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerinin incelenmesi. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(1), 273-292. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.775620
  • Digital Transformation Office of the Presidency of Republic of Türkiye. (2021). National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2021-2025. https://cbddo.gov.tr/SharedFolderServer/Genel/File/TR-UlusalYZStratejisi2021-2025.pdf
  • Durak, G., & Cankaya, S. (2023). Metaverse technologies and applications in the future of online learning. In G. Durak & S. Çankaya (Eds.), Shaping the future of online learning: Education in the metaverse (pp. 1-16). IGI Global. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-6513-4
  • Dülger, E. D., & Gümüşeli, A. İ. (2023). Okul müdürleri ve öğretmenlerin eğitimde yapay zekâ kullanılmasına ilişkin görüşleri. ISPEC International Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 7(1), 133-153. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7766578
  • Ferikoğlu, D. (2021). An artificial intelligence awareness level scale for teachers: A reliability and validity study. (Publication No. 684964). [Master's thesis, Bahçeşehir University]. Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
  • George, D., & Mallery, M. (2003). Using SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. Allyn & Bacon.
  • Galindo-Domínguez, H., Delgado, N., Campo, L., & Losada, D. (2024). Relationship between teachers’ digital competence and attitudes towards artificial intelligence in education. International Journal of Educational Research, 126, 102381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2024.102381
  • Gravetter, J. F. & Forzano, L. B. (2012). Research methods for the behavioral sciences. Wadsworth Publishing.
  • Güneş, A. M., & Buluç, B. (2017). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin teknoloji kullanimlari ve öz yeterlilik inançlari arasindaki ilişkİ. TÜBAV Bilim Dergisi, 10(1), 94-113.
  • Güvenç, B. (1972). İnsan ve kültür: Antropolojiye giriş. Türk Sosyal Bilimler Derneği.
  • Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275-285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
  • Han, H. J., Kim, K. J., & Kwon, H. S. (2020). The analysis of elementary school teachers' perception of using artificial ıntelligence in education. Journal of Digital Convergence, 18(7), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2020.18.7.047
  • Iqbal, N., Ahmed, H., & Azhar, K. A. (2022). exploring teachers' attitudes towards using ChatGPT. Global Journal for Management and Administrative Sciences, 3(4), 97-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/gjmas.v3i4.163
  • İçöz, S., & İçöz, E. (2024). Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının yapay zekâ uygulamalarına yönelik farkındalık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Ulusal Eğitim Dergisi, 4(3), 987-1001. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10909458
  • Kamalov, F., Santandreu Calonge, D., & Gurrib, I. (2023). New era of artificial intelligence in education: Towards a sustainable multifaceted revolution. Sustainability, 15(16), 12451. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612451
  • Kandlhofer, M., Steinbauer, G., Hirschmugl-Gaisch, S., & Huber, P. (2016, October 12-15). Artificial intelligence and computer science in education: From kindergarten to university. 2016 IEEE frontiers in education conference (FIE), Eire, PA, USA. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2016.7757570
  • Kaplan-Rakowski, R., Grotewold, K., Hartwick, P., & Papin, K. (2023). Generative AI and teachers’ perspectives on its implementation in education. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 34(2), 313-338. https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/222363/
  • Karasar, N. (2023). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Kaya, F., Aydin, F., Schepman, A., Rodway, P., Yetişensoy, O., & Demir Kaya, M. (2024). The roles of personality traits, AI anxiety, and demographic factors in attitudes toward artificial intelligence. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 40(2), 497-514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2151730
  • Kebapçı, S. S. (2024). Higher education instructors’ artificial intelligence awareness and its effect on some demographics. (Publication No. 854569). [Master's thesis, Bahçeşehir University]. Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
  • Kelly, S., Kaye, S. A., & Oviedo-Trespalacios, O. (2023). What factors contribute to the acceptance of artificial intelligence? A systematic review. Telematics and Informatics, 77, 101925. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12172-y
  • Kim, S. W. (2023). Change in Attitude toward artificial intelligence through experiential learning in artificial intelligence education. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering & Information Technology, 13(5). http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.13.5.19039
  • Kim, SW., Lee, Y. (2024). Investigation into the influence of socio-cultural factors on attitudes toward artificial intelligence. Educ Inf Technol 29, 9907–9935. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12172-y
  • Kuleto, V., Ilić, M. P., Bucea-Manea-Țoniş, R., Ciocodeică, D. F., Mihălcescu, H., & Mindrescu, V. (2022). The attitudes of K–12 Schools’ teachers in Serbia towards the potential of artificial intelligence. Sustainability, 14(14), 8636. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148636
  • Lin, C.C., Huang, A.Y.Q. & Lu, O.H.T. (2023). Artificial intelligence in intelligent tutoring systems toward sustainable education: A systematic review. Smart Learn. Environ. 10(41). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00260-y
  • Liua, Y., Salehb, S., & Huang, J. (2021). Artificial intelligence in promoting teaching and learning transformation in schools. Artificial Intelligence, 15(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.53333/IJICC2013/15369
  • McGrath, C., Pargman, T. C., Juth, N., & Palmgren, P. J. (2023). University teachers' perceptions of responsibility and artificial intelligence in higher education-An experimental philosophical study. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4, 100139-1011147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100139
  • Pokrivcakova, S. (2023). Pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards artificial intelligence and its integration into EFL teaching and learning. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 11(3), 100-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2023-0031
  • Polak, S., Schiavo, G., & Zancanaro, M. (2022, April 29-May 5). Teachers’ perspective on artificial intelligence education: An initial investigation. CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New Orleans, LA, United States.
  • Randhawa, G., & Jackson, M. (2020). The role of artificial intelligence in learning and professional development for healthcare professionals. Healthcare Management Forum, 33(1), 19-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0840470419869032
  • Schepman, A., & Rodway, P. (2020). Initial validation of the general attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence Scale. Computers in human behavior reports, 1, 100014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2020.100014
  • Senger, Ş. (2024). K-12 Teachers’ awareness and perceptions of artificial intelligence in education. (Publication No. 854531). [Master's thesis, Bahçeşehir University]. Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
  • Seyrek, M., Yıldız, S., Emeksiz, H., Şahin, A., & Türkmen, M. T. (2024). Öğretmenlerin eğitimde yapay zeka kullanımına yönelik algıları. International Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR), 11(106), 845-856. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11113077
  • Tan, Ç., Ceylan, Y., & Öztürk, O. (2023). Investigation of teachers' attitudes towards artificial intelligence. The Journal of Social Sciences, 67(67), 72-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/SOBIDER.73772
  • UNESCO. (2023). Artificial intelligence in education. https://www.unesco.org/en/digital-education/artificial-intelligence
  • Wang, B., Rau, P. L. P., & Yuan, T. (2023). Measuring user competence in using artificial intelligence: validity and reliability of artificial intelligence literacy scale. Behaviour & information technology, 42(9), 1324-1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2022.2072768
  • Williamson, B., & Eynon, R. (2020). Historical threads, missing links, and future directions in AI in education. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3), 223-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1798995
  • Xue, Y., & Wang, Y. (2022). Artificial intelligence for education and teaching. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022, 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4750018
  • Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators?. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
Toplam 55 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Öğretim Teknolojileri
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Semih Çayak 0000-0003-4360-4288

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Eylül 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4 - ICETOL 2024 Special Issue

Kaynak Göster

APA Çayak, S. (2024). Investigating the relationship between teachers’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence and their artificial intelligence literacy. Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 7(4 - ICETOL 2024 Special Issue), 367-383. https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.1490307
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