Araştırma Makalesi
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Secondary school students' instructional evaluation scale: Development and validation

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 458 - 483

Mustafa Ali Kırmızıoğlu Serkan Dinçer

Öz

Evaluating instructional effectiveness is a critical component of improving teaching quality. While numerous evaluation tools exist for higher education settings, there is a significant gap in measuring secondary school students’ perspectives on instruction. This study aims to develop and validate a psychometrically sound scale for secondary school students to evaluate instructional practices. The scale development process followed a rigorous procedure that included a comprehensive literature review, item generation, expert reviews, pilot testing, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A total of 909 secondary school students participated in the study. EFA results identified a four-factor structure: Teacher, Content, Material, and Environment. CFA confirmed the model fit, demonstrating strong psychometric properties, including high reliability. The findings highlight the importance of student-centered evaluations in instructional assessment and suggest that this scale can serve as a valuable tool for educators and policymakers to enhance teaching effectiveness in secondary education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Evaluation utilization program evaluation teacher evaluation student’s instructional evaluation

Etik Beyan

This study was approved by the Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Çukurova University in the field of Social and Human Sciences (Decision No: 10, Date: 02.11.2023).

Destekleyen Kurum

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 458 - 483

Mustafa Ali Kırmızıoğlu Serkan Dinçer

Öz

Kaynakça

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  • Michela, J. L. (2023). Toward understanding and quantifying halo in students’ evaluation of teaching. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 48(4), 438–450. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2022.2086965
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  • Okoye, K., Arrona-Palacios, A., Camacho-Zuñiga, C., Achem, J. A. G., Escamilla, J., & Hosseini, S. (2022). Towards teaching analytics: a contextual model for analysis of students’ evaluation of teaching through text mining and machine learning classification. Education and Information Technologies, 27(3), 3891–3933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10751-5
  • Okoye, K., Arrona-Palacios, A., Camacho-Zuñiga, C., Hammout, N., Nakamura, E. L., Escamilla, J., & Hosseini, S. (2020). Impact of students evaluation of teaching: a text analysis of the teachers qualities by gender. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00224-z
  • Olivares, O. J. (2003). A Conceptual and analytic critique of student ratings of teachers in the USA with implications for teacher effectiveness and student learning. Teaching in Higher Education, 8(2), 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1080/1356251032000052465
  • Oliver, B., Tucker, B., Gupta, R., & Yeo, S. (2008). eVALUate: an evaluation instrument for measuring students’ perceptions of their engagement and learning outcomes. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(6), 619–630. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930701773034
  • Ouattara, B. S. (2025). Incorporating student perspectives in research methodologies: A content analysis and implications for higher education. Studies in Empowering Education, 6(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.3943/siee.63
  • Owen, A. L., De Bruin, E., & Wu, S. (2024). Can you mitigate gender bias in student evaluations of teaching? Evaluating alternative methods of soliciting feedback. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 50(3), 442-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2024.2407927
  • Park, B., & Cho, J. (2023). How does grade inflation affect student evaluation of teaching? Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 48(5), 723–735. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2022.2126429 Paulhus, D. L. (1984). Two-component models of socially desirable responding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(3), 598–609.
  • Pett, M., Lackey, N., & Sullivan, J. (2003). Making sense of factor analysis. SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412984898
  • Piaget, J. (1952). The origins of intelligence in children. International University.
  • Piaget, J. (1972). Intellectual evolution from adolescence to adulthood. Human Development, 15(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1159/000271225
  • Pineda, P., & Steinhardt, I. (2023). The debate on student evaluations of teaching: global convergence confronts higher education traditions. Teaching in Higher Education, 28(4), 859–879. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2020.1863351
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903.
  • Pounder, J. S. (2007). Is student evaluation of teaching worthwhile? An analytical framework for answering the question. Quality Assurance in Education, 15(2), 178–191. https://doi.org/10.1108/09684880710748938
  • Prieto, J., Guede-Cid, R., Cid-Cid, A. I., & Leguey, S. (2023). Major increases in teachers’ performance evaluations: Evidence from student evaluation of teaching surveys. Tuning Journal for Higher Education, 10(2), 105–125. https://doi.org/10.18543/tjhe.2299
  • Raykov, T. (1997). Estimation of composite reliability for congeneric measures. Applied Psychological Measurement, 21(2), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.1117/014662169702120006
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  • Sigurdardottir, M. S., Rafnsdottir, G. L., Jónsdóttir, A. H., & Kristofersson, D. M. (2023). Student evaluation of teaching: gender bias in a country at the forefront of gender equality. Higher Education Research & Development, 42(4), 954–967. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2022.2087604
  • Spooren, P., Brockx, B., & Mortelmans, D. (2013). On the validity of student evaluation of teaching. Review of Educational Research, 83(4), 598–642. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654313496870
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  • Sulis, I., Porcu, M., & Capursi, V. (2019). On the use of student evaluation of teaching: A longitudinal analysis combining measurement issues and implications of the exercise. Social Indicators Research, 142(3), 1305–1331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1946-8
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  • Uttl, B. (2024). Student evaluation of teaching (SET): Why the emperor has no clothes and what we should do about it. Human Arenas, 7(2), 403–437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42087-023-00361-7
  • Uttl, B., White, C. A., & Gonzalez, D. W. (2017). Meta-analysis of faculty’s teaching effectiveness: Student evaluation of teaching ratings and student learning are not related. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 54, 22–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2016.08.007
  • Valencia, E. (2020). Acquiescence, instructor’s gender bias and validity of student evaluation of teaching. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 45(4), 483–495. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2019.1666085
  • Wachtel, H. K. (1998). Student Evaluation of College Teaching Effectiveness: a brief review. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 23(2), 191–212. https://doi.org/10.1080/0260293980230207
  • Wang, Y. (2024). Quantifying careless responses in student evaluation of teaching and justifying removal for data validity. Sage Open, 14(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241256947
  • Wolfer, T. A., & Johnson, M. M. (2003). Re-evaluating student evaluation of teaching. Journal of Social Work Education, 39(1), 111–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2003.10779122
  • Zerihun, Z., Beishuizen, J., & Van Os, W. (2012). Student learning experience as indicator of teaching quality. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 24(2), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-011-9140-4
  • Zhang, Z., Wu, Q., Zhang, X., Xiong, J., Zhang, L., & Le, H. (2020). Barriers to obtaining reliable results from evaluations of teaching quality in undergraduate medical education. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 333. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02227-w
Toplam 109 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mustafa Ali Kırmızıoğlu 0009-0002-7516-8089

Serkan Dinçer 0000-0002-8373-7811

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 19 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 17 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kırmızıoğlu, M. A., & Dinçer, S. (2025). Secondary school students’ instructional evaluation scale: Development and validation. E-Kafkas Journal of Educational Research, 12(2), 458-483.
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