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The Psychological Burdens of Obesity: A Mixed-Methods Exploration of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Well-Being

Yıl 2025, , 73 - 96, 24.06.2025

Seval Erden Çınar , Uğurkan Ulutürk

https://doi.org/10.54535/rep.1651308

Öz

This study explores the relationships between early maladaptive schemas, schema avoidance behaviors, and psychological well-being in obese adults while also examining their life experiences and coping strategies. Using an explanatory mixed-methods design, the study first conducted a quantitative phase with 785 obese adults (BMI ≥ 30), analyzing data from the Psychological Well-being Scale, Young Schema Questionnaire, and Young-Rygh Avoidance Inventory through structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings indicated that schemas such as social isolation, insecurity, enmeshment, dependency, punitiveness, and self-sacrifice predicted schema avoidance and negatively impacted psychological well-being. In the qualitative phase, eight obese women who scored low on the Psychological Well-Being Scale but high on schema questionnaires participated in focus groups. Thematic analysis revealed that defectiveness, emotional deprivation, poor self-control, and high standards schemas were frequently triggered in obesity. The integration of quantitative and qualitative findings emphasized the significant role of schemas in obesity-related psychological distress.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Obesity Schemas Well-being

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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Yıl 2025, , 73 - 96, 24.06.2025

Seval Erden Çınar , Uğurkan Ulutürk

https://doi.org/10.54535/rep.1651308

Öz

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

  • Aloi, M., Verrastro, V., Rania, M., Sacco, R., Aranda, F., F., Murcia, S., J., De Fazio, P., & Garcia, S., C. (2020). The potential role of the early maladaptive schema in behavioral addictions among late adolescents and young adults. Frontiers in Pshycology, 10 (3022), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03022
  • Aloi, M., Verrastro, V., Rania, M., Sacco, R., Aranda, F., F., Murcia, S., J., De Fazio, P., & Garcia, S., C. (2020). The potential role of the early maladaptive schema in behavioral addictions among late adolescents and young adults. Frontiers in Pshycology, 10 (3022), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03022
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  • Anderson, K., Rieger, E., & Caterson., I. (2006). A comparison of maladaptive schemata in treatment-seeking obese adults and normal-weight control subjects. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60 (3), 245-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.08.002
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  • İnalkaç, S. & Arslantaş, H. (2018). Duygusal yeme [Emotional eating.]. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi [Archive Source Scanning Journal], 27(1), 70-82. https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.336860
  • İnalkaç, S. & Arslantaş, H. (2018). Duygusal yeme [Emotional eating.]. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi [Archive Source Scanning Journal], 27(1), 70-82. https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.336860
  • Jacob, G., Van Genderen, H. & Seebauer, L. (2014). Mod Terapisi. Diğer yollardan gitmek, yaşam örüntülerini anlamak ve değiştirmek [Mood Therapy. Going the other way, understanding and changing life patterns]. (M. Şaşıoğlu, N. Azizlerli, & M. Soykut Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: Psikonet Yayınları.
  • Jacob, G., Van Genderen, H. & Seebauer, L. (2014). Mod Terapisi. Diğer yollardan gitmek, yaşam örüntülerini anlamak ve değiştirmek [Mood Therapy. Going the other way, understanding and changing life patterns]. (M. Şaşıoğlu, N. Azizlerli, & M. Soykut Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: Psikonet Yayınları.
  • Kiraly, L., Hurt, R.T., & Van Way, C.W. (2011). The outcomes of obese patients in critical care. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 35, 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607111413774
  • Kiraly, L., Hurt, R.T., & Van Way, C.W. (2011). The outcomes of obese patients in critical care. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 35, 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607111413774
  • Luz, Q., F., Sainsbury, A., Hay, P., Roekenes, J., A., Swinbourne, J., Silva, D., C., & Margareth, S., O. (2017). Early maladaptive schemas and cognitive distortions in adults with morbid obesity: Relationships with mental health status. Behavioral Sciences, 7(10), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs7010010
  • Luz, Q., F., Sainsbury, A., Hay, P., Roekenes, J., A., Swinbourne, J., Silva, D., C., & Margareth, S., O. (2017). Early maladaptive schemas and cognitive distortions in adults with morbid obesity: Relationships with mental health status. Behavioral Sciences, 7(10), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs7010010
  • Mason, S., M., Flint, A., J., Field, A., E., Austin, B., & Edwards, R., J., W. (2013). Abuse victimization in childhood or adolescence and risk of food addiction in adult women. Obesity Journal, 21 (12), 775-781. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20500
  • Mason, S., M., Flint, A., J., Field, A., E., Austin, B., & Edwards, R., J., W. (2013). Abuse victimization in childhood or adolescence and risk of food addiction in adult women. Obesity Journal, 21 (12), 775-781. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20500
  • Meule, A. & Gearhardt, A. N. (2014). Food addiction in the light of DSM-5. Nutrients, 6, 3653-3671. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu6093653
  • Meule, A. & Gearhardt, A. N. (2014). Food addiction in the light of DSM-5. Nutrients, 6, 3653-3671. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu6093653
  • Meydan, C. H. & Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi AMOS uygulamaları [Structural equation modeling AMOS applications]. Ankara, Turkey: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Meydan, C. H. & Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi AMOS uygulamaları [Structural equation modeling AMOS applications]. Ankara, Turkey: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Nordahl, D., Hoifodt, R., S., Bohne, A., Landsem, P., I., Wang, C., E., A., & Thimm, J., C. (2019). Early maladaptive schemas as predictors of maternal bonding to the unborn child. BMC Psychology, 7 (23), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0297-9
  • Nordahl, D., Hoifodt, R., S., Bohne, A., Landsem, P., I., Wang, C., E., A., & Thimm, J., C. (2019). Early maladaptive schemas as predictors of maternal bonding to the unborn child. BMC Psychology, 7 (23), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0297-9
  • Pietrabissa, G. (2018). Group motivation-focused interventions for patients with obesity and binge eating disorder. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01104.
  • Pietrabissa, G. (2018). Group motivation-focused interventions for patients with obesity and binge eating disorder. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01104.
  • Poursharifi, H., Bidadian, M., Bahramizadeh, H. & Salehinezhad, M., A. (2011). The relationship between early maladaptive schemas and aspects of identity in obesity. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 517–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.101
  • Poursharifi, H., Bidadian, M., Bahramizadeh, H. & Salehinezhad, M., A. (2011). The relationship between early maladaptive schemas and aspects of identity in obesity. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 517–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.101
  • Rafaeli, E., Bernstein, D. P., & Young, E. J. (2013). Şema terapi, ayırıcı özellikler [Schema therapy, distinctive features]. (H. A. Karaosmanoğlu & N. Azizlerli, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey. Psikonet Yayınevi.
  • Rafaeli, E., Bernstein, D. P., & Young, E. J. (2013). Şema terapi, ayırıcı özellikler [Schema therapy, distinctive features]. (H. A. Karaosmanoğlu & N. Azizlerli, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey. Psikonet Yayınevi.
  • Rania, M., Aloi, M., Caroleo, M., Carbone, E., A., Fazia, G., Calabro, G., Filippis, R., Staltari, F. & Garcia, S., C. (2019). Impaired autonomy and performance predicts binge eating disorder among obese patients. Eating and weight disorders-studies on anorexia, bulimia and obesity. Springer, 19, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00747-z
  • Rania, M., Aloi, M., Caroleo, M., Carbone, E., A., Fazia, G., Calabro, G., Filippis, R., Staltari, F. & Garcia, S., C. (2019). Impaired autonomy and performance predicts binge eating disorder among obese patients. Eating and weight disorders-studies on anorexia, bulimia and obesity. Springer, 19, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00747-z
  • Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annu. Rev. Psychol, 52, 141-66. https://doi.org/ 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141
  • Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annu. Rev. Psychol, 52, 141-66. https://doi.org/ 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141
  • Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
  • Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
  • Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. H. (2008). Know thyself and become what you are: A eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9, 13-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9019-0
  • Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. H. (2008). Know thyself and become what you are: A eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9, 13-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9019-0
  • Sevinçer, M. G. & Konuk, N. (2013). Emosyonel yeme [Emotional eating]. Journal of Mood Disorders, 3(4), 171-178. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20130926052526
  • Sevinçer, M. G. & Konuk, N. (2013). Emosyonel yeme [Emotional eating]. Journal of Mood Disorders, 3(4), 171-178. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20130926052526
  • Sheffield, A., Waller, G., Emanuelli, F., Murray, J. & Meyer, C. (2009). Do schema processes mediate links between parenting and eating pathology? European Eating Disorders Review, 17 (4), 290-300. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.922
  • Sheffield, A., Waller, G., Emanuelli, F., Murray, J. & Meyer, C. (2009). Do schema processes mediate links between parenting and eating pathology? European Eating Disorders Review, 17 (4), 290-300. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.922
  • Soygüt, G., Karaosmanoğlu, A. H., & Çakır, Z. (2009). Assessment of early maladaptive schemas: A psychometric study of the Turkish Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form-3. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi [Turkish Journal of Psychiatry], 20 (1), 75-84.
  • Soygüt, G., Karaosmanoğlu, A. H., & Çakır, Z. (2009). Assessment of early maladaptive schemas: A psychometric study of the Turkish Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form-3. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi [Turkish Journal of Psychiatry], 20 (1), 75-84.
  • Taylor, C. D. J., Bee, P. & Haddock, G. (2017). Does schema therapy change schemas and symptoms? A systematic review across mental health disorders. Psychology and psychotherapy: Theory, research and practice. The Britsih Psychological Society, 90, 456-479. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12112
  • Taylor, C. D. J., Bee, P. & Haddock, G. (2017). Does schema therapy change schemas and symptoms? A systematic review across mental health disorders. Psychology and psychotherapy: Theory, research and practice. The Britsih Psychological Society, 90, 456-479. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12112
  • Telef, B. B. (2013). Psikolojik İyi Oluş ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerli ve güvenirlik çalışması [Psychological Well-being Scale: Adaptation to Turkish, validity and reliability study]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi [Hacettepe University Faculty of Education Journal], 28 (3), 374-384.
  • Telef, B. B. (2013). Psikolojik İyi Oluş ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerli ve güvenirlik çalışması [Psychological Well-being Scale: Adaptation to Turkish, validity and reliability study]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi [Hacettepe University Faculty of Education Journal], 28 (3), 374-384.
  • van Strien, T., Cebolla, A., Etchemendy, E., Gutierez-Maldonado, J., Ferrer-Garcia, M., Botella, C., et al. (2013). Emotional eating and food intake after sadness and joy. Appetite, 66, 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2013.02.016
  • van Strien, T., Cebolla, A., Etchemendy, E., Gutierez-Maldonado, J., Ferrer-Garcia, M., Botella, C., et al. (2013). Emotional eating and food intake after sadness and joy. Appetite, 66, 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2013.02.016
  • Webb, J. & Musello, C. (2019). Çocuklukta ihmalin izi: Boşluk hissi [Trace of childhood neglect: Feeling of emptiness]. (G. Arıkan, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: Sola Yayınları.
  • Webb, J. & Musello, C. (2019). Çocuklukta ihmalin izi: Boşluk hissi [Trace of childhood neglect: Feeling of emptiness]. (G. Arıkan, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: Sola Yayınları.
  • Yıldırım, F. & Keser, A. (2015). Kuşaklararası dayanışma modelleri: “Çocukluk çağı obezitesinin önlenmesi için bir çözüm önerisi” [Intergenerational solidarity models: “A proposed solution for the prevention of childhood obesity”]. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi [Turkish Journal of Social Research], 19(3), 217-236.
  • Yıldırım, F. & Keser, A. (2015). Kuşaklararası dayanışma modelleri: “Çocukluk çağı obezitesinin önlenmesi için bir çözüm önerisi” [Intergenerational solidarity models: “A proposed solution for the prevention of childhood obesity”]. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi [Turkish Journal of Social Research], 19(3), 217-236.
  • Young, J. E. (1990). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema focused approach. Professional Resource Press.
  • Young, J. E. (1990). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema focused approach. Professional Resource Press.
  • Young, J. E. & Klosko, J. S. (2014). Hayatı yeniden keşfedin [Rediscover life]. (A. Karaosmanoğlu & Tuncer, E. Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: Psikonet Yayınları.
  • Young, J. E. & Klosko, J. S. (2014). Hayatı yeniden keşfedin [Rediscover life]. (A. Karaosmanoğlu & Tuncer, E. Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: Psikonet Yayınları.
  • Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2009). Şema terapi [schema therapy]. (T. Özakkaş, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: Litera Yayıncılık.
  • Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2009). Şema terapi [schema therapy]. (T. Özakkaş, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: Litera Yayıncılık.
  • Young, J. E., & Rygh, J. (1994). The Young-Rygh avoidance inventory. Cognitive Therapy Centre of New York.
  • Young, J. E., & Rygh, J. (1994). The Young-Rygh avoidance inventory. Cognitive Therapy Centre of New York.
  • Yücel, B., Akdemir, A., Küey, A. G., Maner, F. & Vardar, E. (2013). Yeme bozuklukları ve obezite. Tanı ve tedavi Kitabı [Eating disorders and obesity. Diagnosis and treatment book] Ankara, Turkey: Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği Yayınları.
  • Yücel, B., Akdemir, A., Küey, A. G., Maner, F. & Vardar, E. (2013). Yeme bozuklukları ve obezite. Tanı ve tedavi Kitabı [Eating disorders and obesity. Diagnosis and treatment book] Ankara, Turkey: Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği Yayınları.
Toplam 90 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık (Diğer)
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Seval Erden Çınar 0000-0002-4512-1274

Uğurkan Ulutürk 0000-0002-0063-9053

Proje Numarası -
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 24 Haziran 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 1 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025

Kaynak Göster

APA Erden Çınar, S., & Ulutürk, U. (2025). The Psychological Burdens of Obesity: A Mixed-Methods Exploration of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Well-Being. Research on Education and Psychology, 9(1), 73-96. https://doi.org/10.54535/rep.1651308

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